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HomeMy WebLinkAboutResolution No. R21-01 RESOLUTION NO. R21-01 RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL TO ADOPT THE 2020 CITY OF LAUREL GROWTH POLICY. WHEREAS, the City Council tasked the Planning Board with the preparation of an updated Growth Policy for City of Laurel; and WHEREAS, the Planning Board approved an action plan incorporating public input and an approximate timeline for the adoption of an updated Growth Policy for City of Laurel; and WHEREAS, the Planning Board conducted a series of public meetings, surveys and outreach to encourage public participation in the preparation of the updated Growth Policy; and WHEREAS, the Planning Board considered several strategies and policies that could be adopted by the City Council to implement the updated Growth Policy; and WHEREAS, the Planning Board encouraged both written and verbal testimony on issues and items of concern related to the fixture growth and development expected to occur during the life of the new Updated Growth Policy; and WHEREAS, the Planning Board conducted a public hearing on the Growth Policy update on October 21, 2020. Additionally, the Planning Board, by Resolution Number 20-01, currently recommends the adoption of the updated Growth Policy and Implementation Strategy by the City Council; and WHEREAS, the City of Laurel continues to work cooperatively with Yellowstone County through their Planning Board on planning, subdivision, and land use related issues; and WHEREAS, the City Council desires to establish and maintain up to date growth management regulations including but not limited to Zoning Regulations, Design and Development Standards, Subdivision, and Floodplain Regulations; and R21-01 Resolution to Adopt 2020 Growth Policy Update WHEREAS, the City is statutorily required to examine and update the Growth Policy on a time flame not to exceed five (5) calendar years; and WHEREAS, the City Council desires to provide persons who may be affected by the adoption of the Growth Policy update ample opportunity for involvement in the adoption process; and WHEREAS, the City Council conducted a public hearing on November 24, 2020, regarding the Growth Policy update and took action by adopting a Resolution of Intent to adopt the 2020 Growth Policy Update; and WHEREAS, the City Council opened a 30-day public comment period, which was published twice in a newspaper of record and the comment period expired on December 24, 2020; and WHEREAS, the City Council gave due consideration to the public comments received; and WHEREAS, the proposed Growth Policy update addresses all the statutory components of a Growth Policy found in §76-1-601 MCA to the extent acceptable to the City Council; and WHEREAS, §76-1-604 of the Montana Code Annotated provides the process for the adoption, revision, or rejection of a growth policy by the City Council which was complied with during these proceedings. NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, the City Council hereby approves and adopts the 2020 City of Laurel Growth Policy with an effective date of December 24 2020. Introduced at a regular meeting of the City Council on January 12, 2021, by Council Member Sparks. PASSED and APPROVED by the City Council of the City of Laurel this 12"'day of January 2021. APPROVED by the Mayor this 121h day of January 2021. R21-01 Resolution to Adopt 2020 Growth Policy Update CITY OF LAUREL 'ee %_ ThoNelson, Mayor ATTEST: an gve, Clerk-Treasurer Approved as to form: Sam S. Painfelf, Civil ty Attor� ney R21-01 Resolution to Adopt 2020 Growth Policy Update r l I` AL � q LiTT GROWTH MANAGEMENT POLICY Contents .......................................................................................................................................................................................1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE ................................................................................................................1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................................................1 HistoricalContext.............................................................................................................................................................1 Purpose.............................................................................................................................................................................2 CommunityVision ............................................................................................................................................................2 RegulatoryRequirements................................................................................................................................................3 CHAPTER 2: PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT..............................................................................................................................4 Overview...........................................................................................................................................................................4 PriorEfforts.......................................................................................................................................................................4 Outreach ...........................................................................................................................................................................4 Timeline of Meetings for the Growth Management Policy Update..............................................................................5 CHAPTER 3: GOALS, OBJECTIVES,AND STRATEGIES.....................................................................................................6 Overview...........................................................................................................................................................................6 LandUse Goals and Objectives........................................................................................................................................6 Annexation Goals and Objectives....................................................................................................................................7 HousingGoals and Objectives .........................................................................................................................................7 Infrastructure Goals and Objectives................................................................................................................................8 Transportation Goals and Objectives..............................................................................................................................9 Economic Development Goals and Objectives.............................................................................................................10 Public Facilities and Services Objectives, Policies and Strategies................................................................................11 Recreation Goals and Objectives...................................................................................................................................12 Natural Resource Goals and Objectives........................................................................................................................13 Intergovernmental Coordination Goals and Objectives...............................................................................................13 CHAPTER 4: COMMUNITY PROFILE.............................................................................................................................15 PopulationTrends ..........................................................................................................................................................15 EthnicCharacteristics.....................................................................................................................................................16 Householdsand Families................................................................................................................................................17 Education........................................................................................................................................................................17 WorkCommute..............................................................................................................................................................17 CHAPTER 5: EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION FORECASTS.......................................................................................18 EmploymentForecasts...................................................................................................................................................18 i Housing...........................................................................................................................................................................19 PopulationForecasts......................................................................................................................................................20 CHAPTER6: Land Use..................................................................................................................................................21 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................21 Trends .............................................................................................................................................................................21 ExistingLand Uses..........................................................................................................................................................21 Residential and Rural Residential ..................................................................................................................................25 Commercial.....................................................................................................................................................................25 Public...............................................................................................................................................................................25 Parks................................................................................................................................................................................25 Industrial.........................................................................................................................................................................25 UrbanRenewal ...............................................................................................................................................................26 CHAPTER 7: FUTURE LAND USE..................................................................................................................................27 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................27 ResidentialDistricts........................................................................................................................................................27 VacantLand ....................................................................................................................................................................27 DevelopmentStandards.................................................................................................................................................27 ExtraterritorialZoning....................................................................................................................................................28 InfrastructureExtension.................................................................................................................................................28 Future Land Use Goals and Objectives..........................................................................................................................30 CHAPTER7.5: ANNEXATION .......................................................................................................................................31 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................31 Purpose...........................................................................................................................................................................31 Importance......................................................................................................................................................................31 PriorityAreas..................................................................................................................................................................32 AnnexationPolicies ........................................................................................................................................................34 Infrastructure Extension.................................................................................................................................................34 AnnexationGoals............................................................................................................................................................34 CHAPTER 8: HOUSING.................................................................................................................................................35 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................35 Householdsand Housing Units......................................................................................................................................35 HousingAffordability......................................................................................................................................................36 Housing Programs and Incentives.................................................................................................................................37 HousingGoals and Objectives .......................................................................................................................................38 ii CHAPTER 9: INFRASTRUCTURE...................................................................................................................................39 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................39 WastewaterSystem........................................................................................................................................................39 WaterSystem .................................................................................................................................................................40 StormwaterSystem........................................................................................................................................................41 SolidWaste Services.......................................................................................................................................................41 Infrastructure Goals and Objectives..............................................................................................................................41 CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION ................................................................................................................................43 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................43 LocalRoutes& Maintenance.........................................................................................................................................43 StateHighways...............................................................................................................................................................44 FederalHighways............................................................................................................................................................44 Railroad...........................................................................................................................................................................45 RoadwayClassifications.................................................................................................................................................47 PublicTransportation.....................................................................................................................................................47 FundingSources .............................................................................................................................................................48 Transportation Goals and Objectives............................................................................................................................48 CHAPTER 11: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT..................................................................................................................49 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................49 TheLocal Economy.........................................................................................................................................................50 Economic Development Organizations.........................................................................................................................50 Economic Development Objectives and Policies and Strategies.................................................................................52 CHAPTER 12: PUBLIC SERVICES AND FACILITIES.........................................................................................................53 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................53 CityAdministration.........................................................................................................................................................53 LaurelPolice Department..............................................................................................................................................53 Fire Protection and Emergency Medical Services.........................................................................................................55 SchoolDistrict.................................................................................................................................................................56 PublicLibrary..................................................................................................................................................................57 Public Services and Facilities Goals and Objectives......................................................................................................58 CHAPTER13: RECREATION PLAN................................................................................................................................59 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................59 CityParks.........................................................................................................................................................................60 Parks Funding, Governance, and Operations................................................................................................................60 CommunitySponsored Events.......................................................................................................................................60 iii Recreation Objectives and Policies and Strategies.......................................................................................................60 CHAPTER 14: NATURAL RESOURCES...........................................................................................................................62 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................62 Groundwater Resources ................................................................................................................................................62 WildlifeHabitat...............................................................................................................................................................63 AgriculturalLand.............................................................................................................................................................64 Wildland-Urban Interface..............................................................................................................................................67 Natural Resource Goals and Objectives........................................................................................................................67 CHAPTER 15:GROWTH POLICY IMPLEMENTATION ....................................................................................................68 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................................68 ImplementationTools....................................................................................................................................................68 LandUse Goals and Objectives......................................................................................................................................79 Annexation Goals and Objectives..................................................................................................................................81 HousingGoals and Objectives .......................................................................................................................................82 Infrastructure Goals and Objectives..............................................................................................................................83 Transportation Goals and Objectives............................................................................................................................87 Economic Development Goals and Objectives.............................................................................................................89 Public Facilities and Services Goals and Objectives......................................................................................................92 Recreation Goals and Objectives...................................................................................................................................93 Natural Resource Goals and Objectives........................................................................................................................95 Intergovernmental Coordination Goals and Objectives...............................................................................................96 iv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE Introductie- The Growth Management Policy is a guide for the development of the City of Laurel over the next five years.The purpose of this plan is to provide general guidelines to develop and maintain Laurel as a safe, livable, and economically viable community that residents, institutions, and businesses are proud to call home.This document presents information about the City, its residents, and the goals and objectives the City will work towards in the long term. This document is focused on the City of Laurel and its surrounding zoning and planning jurisdictions. Laurel is at a crossroads both in place and time. It is located at a vital junction for agriculture, ' transportation, and industry that helped develop L the area over the past 130 years.The timing of this = •" policy update is also essential given a growing population, changing demographics, a fast- growing municipality nearby(Billings), and the r , need for updated regulations and policies to face _ 21st century technological, economic, and land- use challenges. Historical CorI­;. The Crow was the principle Tribe in the Yellowstone Basin when European explorers first arrived. In July of 1806, Captain William Clark and his expedition floated down the Yellowstone River from current-day Livingston in crude canoes on their return journey. Clark and his expedition camped at the mouth of the Clark's Fork of the Yellowstone River near Laurel's present site and noted it as a possible location for a trading post. Chief Joseph later led the Nez Perce over the Yellowstone River near Laurel during their retreat to Canada in 1877. Colonel Sam Sturgis and his cavalry caught up and battled the Tribe at Canyon Creek approximately six miles north of present-day Laurel.The Nez Perce escaped the cavalry and continued their flight to Canada after the battle. Laurel is located on both the Lewis& Clark and Nez Perce National Historic Trails that commemorate these events. European settlement of the area began in 1879.The railroad reached Billings by 1882 and reached current-day Laurel by that fall.The City of Laurel, initially called Carlton, was established in 1882 along the newly laid railroad tracks.The western legend of"Calamity Jane" Canary was associated with Laurel in its early years after she came to Laurel in 1882 and had her dugout near the Canyon Creek Battleground. Laurel's population and its economy boomed during the early years. By 1920,the population had reached 2,338 residents.The rail yards were a permanent fixture of the local economy and became a dependable employer due to the consistent demand for agricultural products nationwide.The three major industries which have played a significant role in the growth of the City have been agriculture, the railroad, and oil. Local farms near current-day Laurel were settled before any official town being established. Popular crops for area farmers and ranchers included alfalfa,grains, and sugar beets. i This agricultural production was a significant draw for the region outside of the rail yard's ability to ship goods.These farms were an essential driver of the local economy despite the railyard's outsized role as a shipping center. The Northern Pacific, Great Northern, and Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroads all made their junction in Laurel by 1906.The Northern Pacific was building terminal yards in 1907, which would eventually lead to Laurel being the largest terminal and classification station between St. Paul, Minnesota, Seattle, and Washington.The yards would eventually have a fifty-five-stall roundhouse, machine shop, ice-making plant, loading docks, water tank, and disinfecting plant.The yard is currently operated by Montana Rail Link, which is leased from the Burling Northern/Santa Fe Railroad. Laurel remains the largest rail yard between Minneapolis and Seattle. The area was repeatedly drilled for oil exploration in the early 1920s.The Northwest Refining Company bought a site for a proposed 2,000-barrel refinery in 1922. In 1927, productive oil fields were discovered in the nearby Oregon Basin of Wyoming. The existing regional rail infrastructure made Laurel an ideal location for the refining and exporting of crude oil from Wyoming and other regions. The refinery in Laurel has been operated by many companies, including the Independent Refining Company, Farmers Union Central Exchange, and now CHS Inc. The Growth Management Policy is a statement of the community goals and objectives that will guide the City's development.The policy is a comprehensive document covering many different study areas, including demographics, land use, infrastructure, public services,transportation, and housing.The purpose of this Growth Management Policy is to: ❖ Establish Community Goals and Objectives ❖ Present an updated profile of the community ❖ Provide projections for housing, natural resources, population, land use, and other subjects ❖ Ensure an orderly set of policy priorities for the expansion of the City ❖ Put forward an implementation guide for the established Goals and Objectives ❖ Act as a guide and resource for city staff and other local stakeholders Community Vision The Growth Management Policy allows local stakeholders to create a future vision for the Laurel community.A well-thought- out vision is important because it informs F - the structure and form of the document and influences the City's work long after it is published.This vision can involve where - , the City wants to grow, what types of business residents would like to see, priorities for project funding, and the quality of life residents would like to have. The Growth Management Policy's goals, objectives, and recommendations for implementation are developed from this community vision. City staff worked with Planning Board members to develop a community vision for Laurel. 2 In the future, Laurel will have: ❖ A diverse array of residents, businesses, and institutions, ❖ Greater employment opportunities, ❖ Connected and accessible neighborhoods, ❖ A variety of housing options and levels of affordability, ❖ A thriving downtown and commercial district, ❖ Well-functioning public services and amenities, ❖ Clear and consistent regulations for development, and ❖ An engaged community. The Growth Management Policy is a statutory necessity for local governments. Montana Code Annotated Title 76, Chapter 1, Part 6 provides the foundation for establishing a municipal growth policy. These statutes require certain general items to be included, but the direction,focus, and contents of the policy are the local governing body's responsibility.These statutes were established to enable local governments to proactively envision their future and implement change in a coordinated way. 3 CHAPTER 2: PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT The update process for the 2020 Growth Management Policy began in November 2019 and continued through October of 2020. Much of the plan was developed in the spring and early summer of 2020.The Planning Department convened multiple meetings of the Planning Board to discuss and review draft chapters and information and reached out to local, county, and state officials for input. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent shelter-in-place directives disrupted the Laurel City-County Planning Board's in-person meetings.The Planning Department continued to draft sections of the plan, met with stakeholders virtually, and compiled chapters despite this disruption. Before this update,the most recently approved Growth Management Policy was completed and approved by Laurel City Council in December of 2013. Before adopting the 2013 Growth Management Policy,The City of Laurel had prepared and adopted a Growth Management Policy in 2004. Outreach efforts were made during the late winter and early spring of 2020.The City reached out to many local, regional, and state groups.These groups and organizations were identified as essential stakeholders in the development of the plan. Many groups were unable to comment due to the COVID- 19 pandemic,which caused significant scheduling and contact issues.The chart below shows the groups that the City met with and those contacted but who did not follow-up or could not provide direct information due to the pandemic. Laurel Growth Management Policy Update Outreach Groups with which Meetings were held Groups Contacted Laurel Urban Renewal Agency Laurel Chamber of Commerce Laurel School District Big Sky Economic Development Authority City of Laurel Public Works Montana Department of Commerce City of Laurel Fire Department Yellowstone County Disaster& Emergency Services City of Laurel Police Department Yellowstone County GIS Laurel Rotary Club Montana Department of Justice Yellowstone County Board of County Commissioners Yellowstone County Sheriff's Department Department of Natural Resources and Conservation Montana Department of Transportation (Billings District) Beartooth Resource Conservation & Development Montana Department of Environmental Quality 4 Timeline of Meetings for the Growth Management Policy Update The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic curtailed meetings of the Planning Board between March and June of 2020. Compiling the policy components and preparation of narrative portions continued during this time under the previously established schedule.The chart below shows the Planning Board and City Council meetings in which the Growth Management Policy Update was presented. Laurel Growth Management Policy Update 2020- Meeting Schedule Date Purpose Task Outcome December 11, 2019 Approve Schedule and Initial Visioning Discussion Invites to Contacts Agencies January 8, 2020 Disc: Chapters 1&3 Introduction, Purpose and Common Goals Work Session February 12, 2020 Disc: Chapters 4&5 Community Profile, Employment Forecast Work Session February 26, 2020 Disc: Chapter 6 Land Use Work Session March 11, 2020 Disc: Chapter 7 Future Land use Work Session March 25, 2020 Disc: Chapter 8 Housing Work Session April 8, 2020 Disc: Chapter 9 Infrastructure Work Session April 22, 2020 Disc: Chapter 10 Transportation Work Session May 13, 2020 Disc: Chapter 11 Economic Development Work Session May 27, 2020 Disc: Chapters 12&13 Public Services, Facilities & Recreation Plan Work Session June 10, 2020 Disc: Chapters 3, 14, 15 Community Goals, Natl Resources& Work Session Implementation June 24, 2020 Review Document Review Completed Chapters Work Session July 22, 2020 Planning Board Review Chapters 3, 7, 7.5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 Work Session August 19, 2020 Planning Board Review Review Draft Document Schedule Public Hearing October 21, 2020 Planning Board Public Full Document Review and Approval Resolution of Hearing Adoption November 3, 2020 City Council Discussion Full Document (PB Approved) Preliminary Session Presentation City Council November 17, 2020 City Council Workshop Full Document (PB Approved) Review and Comments November 24, 2020 City Council Public Receive Public Comment,Approve Resolution Resolution of Hearing of Adoption Adoption Adoption of December 24, 2020 Final Adoption 30 Day Comment Period Growth Management Policy S CHAPTER 3: GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND STRATEGIES Overview The community goals and objectives presented in this chapter were established to transform the community vision into a concrete reality.These goals, objectives, and strategies were developed through research, data collection, interviews, and public meetings that the City and the planning board conducted throughout the planning process. These goals cover a wide range of topics, including Land Use,Transportation, Housing, Economic Development, Infrastructure, and more.This collection of community goals and objectives is meant to be exhaustive to provide the City, developers, residents, and business owners with comprehensive guidance to inform local efforts across different sectors,topics, and areas of influence. Land use policy is one of the most potent tools a city has. Zoning and subdivision codes influence growth patterns, infrastructure placement, road connectivity, and much more.The City of Laurel is focused on the effective use of land in and around the City.The City also plans to conserve open space and traditional land uses by focusing on smarter, denser development clustered along significant routes and commercial areas. This plan's overall goals are to conserve open space while maximizing the areas currently in and directly adjacent to the City. Laurel's downtown and Southeast 4th Street rehabilitation are possible through a mix of infill development, mixed-use buildings, improved infrastructure, and updated fagade and signage standards. Goal 1: Conserve open space and traditional land uses ❖ Encourage cluster developments to incorporate open space into new developments ❖ Provide options for landowners for conserving portions of their land ❖ Study and Implement strategies to create an interconnected system of parks and greenways and open space that are accessible to area residents Goal 2: Develop downtown Laurel into a vibrant place to live, work, and play ❖ Encourage mixed uses for living, working, and shopping local ❖ Identify priority parcels for infill development ❖ Implement Placemaking projects to create a more livable and enjoyable downtown ❖ Partner with local groups to support community businesses, events, and gatherings ❖ Connect with regional agencies to access project funding, receive technical support, and boost the visibility of Laurel development opportunities Goal 3: Update Subdivision Code to meet the needs of Laurel and the surrounding area ❖ Provide clear and consistent standards ❖ Ensure the proper scale and scope of regulations ❖ Include trails, open space, and greenway considerations in parkland subdivision review ❖ Regularly review and update the Subdivision Code as needed to remain current 6 Goal 4: Update the Zoning Code to provide for greater flexibility of allowable uses, clearer requirements, and more efficient land use ❖ Study the inclusion of different types of housing within residential districts ❖ Update Overlay Districts, Parking Requirements, and the Sign Code to better fit the City's needs and character ❖ Allow mixed-use live/work opportunities in commercial areas ❖ Enable property owners to use their land more effectively and efficiently Goal 5: Use long term planning documents to identify funding and address priority needs for infrastructure and development ❖ Establish an Annexation Plan to develop priority growth areas and strategies ❖ Develop a Capital Improvement Plan for vital infrastructure to support the City as it grows ❖ Prepare a Commercial and Industrial Development Study for land adjacent to major transportation routes in the Laurel area Municipalities need to seize growth opportunities. Having strategies to address challenges for developing a community and preparing priorities for expansion are vital activities.Two overarching goals have been designated to help the City of Laurel grow through annexation. Goal 1: Adopt a long-range view for the growth of the City ❖ Establish a growth-conscious set of policies to expand the City and its services ❖ Create priority growth areas for extension of services ❖ Develop and approve an Annexation Plan for the Laurel Planning Jurisdiction ❖ Support the creation of a long-term Capital Improvement Plan for the extension of essential infrastructure Goal 2: Manage fiscal responsibility with established and proposed annexation standards ❖ Ensure that the established standards are right and proper for the City of Laurel ❖ Ease the burden for developers to annex into the City while meeting established standards ❖ Allow greater flexibility in development patterns ❖ Determine the cost and benefits of annexation Housing is a necessity in any community.The goals presented below are a means to ensure that people can find affordable, accessible, comfortable, and attractive housing in the community.To date, Laurel has not struggled with significant housing affordability issues. One housing trend that Laurel might consider is the growing demand for closer-knit, denser, and connected neighborhoods near commercial areas. Many younger Americans have abandoned the traditional single-family home for other housing, including rowhouses, tiny homes, condominiums, and apartments. Many older Americans are also focusing on downsizing to housing that is more accessible to local services, including restaurants, medical services, and grocery stores. 7 Housing is closely connected with transportation and economic development. Updating the zoning code to allow a more comprehensive array of housing options such as tiny homes, accessory dwelling units, and multi-family housing is an important goal.This update will ensure that currently developed parcels and vacant parcels within the City can be developed with more options for prospective buyers or renters. It is also crucial for Laurel to have standards and code that allow for the efficient use of space already within the City while enabling the effective use of land in the surrounding area. Goal 1: Encourage a mixture of housing types to meet the demand of all market sectors ❖ Maintain a diverse array of housing and affordability levels ❖ Promote higher density housing types in the downtown area and adjacent to major transportation corridors ❖ Study mixed-use housing and other alternative housing types and styles ❖ Provide options for a full spectrum of housing from rentals to retirement housing Goal 2: Provide information on housing-related grants, loans, and ownership programs ❖ Develop a list of resources for renters and homeowners ❖ Collect information on federal, state, local, and philanthropic rental and homeownership programs ❖ Advise Laurel area residents as to available support for housing, rent, and homeownership Infrastructure Goals and Objectives Infrastructure is the foundation of the community. It will be vital for the City to utilize long-range planning to establish infrastructure standards, map current infrastructure facilities, and identify infrastructure development costs for necessary and prospective projects. The drafting of planning documents, including master plans and preliminary engineering reports (PERs) relating to the Laurel water system, wastewater system, and stormwater system, is critical to ensure orderly and effective growth of the City. A Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) is another vital infrastructure planning document that should be completed. Plans and engineering reports should provide useable data, allow for inclusion in grant applications, and present direct insight into necessary current and future projects. Goal 1: Maintain an Effective and Efficient Public Infrastructure System that Adequately Serves the Needs of the City ❖ Develop a data-driven infrastructure maintenance schedule ❖ Determine any existing gaps in services and other infrastructure deficiencies within the City ❖ Adopt up-to-date infrastructure standards that are appropriate for the needs of the City ❖ Study using public spaces within floodplains, watercourses, and wetlands to be used as passive recreation areas such as parks and greenways ❖ Study the feasibility of recycling programs and other means to reduce solid waste ❖ Incorporate stormwater system planning into roadway and other infrastructure planning processes 8 Goal 2: Establish the Long-Term Capital and Infrastructure Needs for the City ❖ Develop a Capital Improvement Plan for the improvement and expansion of infrastructure ❖ Prepare a Water System Master Plan ❖ Create a Wastewater System Master Plan ❖ Complete a Stormwater Management Plan ❖ Ensure infrastructure planning documents are routinely updated. ❖ Confirm that the established infrastructure priorities are adequate Goal 3: Seek out Possible Funding Sources for the Expansion and Improvement of Infrastructure and Essential Community Services ❖ Study the physical and financial needs for the extension of infrastructure to priority growth areas. ❖ Collaborate with Montana agencies on major projects and studies ❖ Explore federal, state, and philanthropic infrastructure grant opportunities ❖ Determine positive impacts from the expansion and improvement of infrastructure ❖ Apply for funding opportunities that are appropriate for city priorities and projects and assist in keeping user fees reasonable Transportation Goals and Objectivr The transportation network brings people together.This network is a patchwork of streets, roads, sidewalks, bike paths, trails, and rail. It is crucial to couple transportation development with land use. To this end, a goal is the development of a more multi-modal approach to streets and pathways. Implementing bicycle and pedestrian improvements such as bike lanes, greenways, improved signage, and sidewalk improvements is critical. Furthermore,traffic and speed data should be studied on significant routes to determine street safety and determine possible resolutions to improve motorized and non-motorized traveler safety. Laurel seeks to make neighborhoods and commercial areas more accessible and connected by improving pedestrian facilities, including sidewalks, accessible curb cuts, signage, and road markings. Establishing a road network master plan is also vital to create a concrete plan for street expansion and continuity to support orderly and consistent growth patterns. These transportation goals are a way to increase the quality of life, connect people to their community, increase safety, and plan for current trends and future growth.There are three overarching transportation goals, including objectives and strategies. Goal 1: Preserve, Maintain, and Improve the Existing Transportation System ❖ Update the Long-Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) ❖ Establish a systematic approach for the maintenance and repair of the road network. ❖ Develop a Capital Improvement Plan to identify and prioritize significant transportation projects ❖ Establish a Road Network Master Plan to ensure street continuity,traffic flow, and neighborhood connectivity, ❖ Promote fiscal responsibility and high return on investment ❖ Coordinate roadway improvement projects to coincide with underground infrastructure improvements 9 Goal 2: Improve the Mobility, Safety, and Accessibility for all users and modes of travel ❖ Implement bicycle and pedestrian improvements and traffic calming measures to transform the downtown area into a pedestrian-friendly place ❖ Create a looping bicycle/pedestrian trail and street system that connects different areas of Laurel ❖ Adopt pedestrian and multi-modal friendly transportation standards and safety measures ❖ Explore options to improve and expand the Laurel Transit program and strategies to create other multi-modal transportation connections. ❖ Partner with local, regional, and statewide groups to further integrate Laurel into the more comprehensive passenger transportation network Goal 3: Connect Transportation Decisions with Land-Use Decisions ❖ Integrate land-use planning and transportation planning to manage better and develop the transportation network. ❖ Utilize transportation projects to encourage intensive development patterns along significant routes and existing areas of the City. ❖ Adopt and implement consistent system policies and maintenance standards ❖ Ensure the development of a sustainable transportation system that minimizes environmental impacts The Laurel economy has changed dramatically in the past few decades.The emergence of online retail has shifted the focus away from traditional brick and mortar downtowns businesses to easy to use and seemingly more convenient online or delivery options. Recently, small towns and cities across the country are finding that thoughtful economic development and land use planning can rehabilitate their downtowns and neighborhoods to reverse some of the losses related to the emergence of online retail. The City has established focus areas for economic development.These areas include Laurel's traditional downtown core, the Southeast 4th St. Commercial district, the 1"Avenue Corridor, and Old Route 10 running west from the City.This chapter's primary focus is to establish a smarter, more sustainable development that adds character and connectivity to commercial areas. Commercial areas of Laurel should be attractive places to visit. Placemaking and beautification projects are useful to encourage residents and visitors to explore different areas of the City. Increasing walkability and mixed-use development can also create better housing and commercial opportunities. The goals presented below are an effort to increase the attractiveness, usefulness, and quality of the community's commercial and economic sectors.The expansion brings new opportunities, and the area near the West Laurel Interchange has significant growth potential.This area could become a central area for the Laurel community's growth and development through the effective use of placemaking strategies, smart growth concepts, and cohesive zoning and development standards. Four main goals with related objectives have been established related to Economic Development as follows: Goal 1: Develop downtown Laurel as a destination to live,work, and play ❖ Institute placemaking projects to further enhance district character ❖ Increase live-work opportunities for current and future residents and businesses ❖ Apply TIF funding to beautification, blight removal, and public improvement projects ❖ Identify and find solutions for unused or underused parcels as candidates for development 10 Goal 2: Create a resilient local economy ❖ Strengthen core businesses and industries through communication and connections with technical support ❖ Ensure that local economic activities are inclusive and accessible to all stakeholders ❖ Implement policies that create stable and sustainable economic growth ❖ Work to highlight the shared benefits of working together as a community with local businesses stakeholders, and developers ❖ Provide an economic ecosystem that allows for a wide array of businesses, industries, and developments to thrive ❖ Study and implement policies to enhance local business demand and alternative strategies for value creation for the community Goal 3: Collaborate with area organizations to support economic growth and local employment and training opportunities ❖ Communicate with local groups to determine any needs and assistance ❖ Create partnerships with local and regional groups to fill local service gaps and create needed programming ❖ Take part in events and workshops to support local business initiatives and activities ❖ Establish common ground with local and regional groups to provide resources and assistance ❖ Connect residents and businesses with like-minded economic,financial, and entrepreneurship resources and opportunities Goal 4: Study options for new commercial and industrial properties in anticipated high- growth areas ❖ Create a Corridor Master Plan for growth in and around the intersection with Old Route 10 and the West Laurel Interchange ❖ Study options and determine priorities for the possible establishment of Tax Increment Financing Districts (TIFs) and Targeted Economic Development Districts (TEDDs) ❖ Review and pursue opportunities for clustered commercial or industrial parks ❖ Develop funding strategies to provide services for priority growth areas. Effective and efficient public services are a significant draw for prospective residents, developers, and businesses. Above all, public facilities and services must be accessible, useful, and dependable for everyone residing, working, and visiting the City. Laurel should identify current gaps and determine the projected needs of public facilities as the City grows. It is crucial to work with public stakeholders and departments to include the whole population. Providing consistent and stable service delivery is essential. Goal 1: Provide consistent and high-quality public services to the community ❖ Develop standard operating procedures to ensure consistency for city departments ❖ Develop maintenance procedures for parks,facilities, and public areas. ❖ Study current facilities and services to identify gaps and determine projected needs in services 11 Goal 2: Respond to the changing nature of the community ❖ Plan for the expansion of public facilities in priority growth areas ❖ Invest in public facilities that are accessible to everyone in the community ❖ Study how to improve city services to boost the quality of life for residents, businesses, and institutions Goal 3: Work with city departments and local stakeholders to determine the priority expansion of public facilities and services ❖ Open lines of communication between city departments and local stakeholders to gather input on major projects ❖ Consider the public service requirements of large-scale projects before their approval and implementation ❖ Develop plans for the expansion of Fire, Police, and EMS facilities The wide array of Laurel city parks is a great asset to residents. It is the goal to ensure that current and future city parkland is an essential amenity. Parks should be developed and improved to act as neighborhood focal points. Many of Laurel's parks are very small, with some located in less than optimal locations. It is a goal to ensure that parkland is a useable and enjoyable amenity for residents. The City should study underutilized or burdensome parkland parcels and consider re-use scenarios. Historical Riverside Park has been a staple of the community for almost one hundred years.The Riverside Park Master Plan was developed in 2018 to provide a blueprint for improvements and the park's use. It will be essential to continue the ongoing improvement efforts and develop policies to attract visitors. Riverside Park should be maintained as a historical, recreational, and economic asset in the future. Goal 1: Develop parkland as an essential and enjoyable amenity for residents ❖ Ensure new developments have appropriate park space for recreation and general use ❖ Study how existing parks can be improved through new facilities, changed layouts, or additions ❖ Review current park infrastructure and determine if improvements are necessary to serve the needs of the surrounding area better Goal 2: Promote Riverside Park as a vital historic, civic, and recreation resource for residents and visitors ❖ Adhere to the projects and strategies presented in the 2018 Riverside Park Master Plan ❖ Seek grant funding for structural and site improvements ❖ Develop historic markers for Riverside Park and its historic structures ❖ Study options for connecting Riverside Park to the city proper through infrastructure improvements, civic engagement, or other means ❖ Establish signage and marketing for the assets and resources of Riverside Park to area residents and visitors 12 Goal 3: Create an interconnected system of parks, greenspace, and trails that are accessible to all ❖ Create a city-wide Park System Master Plan to develop project priorities ❖ Consider the creation of a City Parks Department to oversee park operations and maintenance ❖ Identify unused land that can be transformed into green space or trails for use by the public ❖ Update the zoning and development codes to encourage the creation of bicycle and pedestrian trail corridors The Laurel planning jurisdiction contains a variety of terrain types and environments.The natural environment should be preserved and enhanced to balance environmental sustainability with economic growth, recreational opportunities, and development. Natural resources and the natural environment can be managed with growth activities to provide social, economic, and community benefits to people over time while continuing their natural functions.The natural resource goals and objectives have been developed with this balance of activities in mind. Goal 1: Protect Laurel's natural resources and traditional environment ❖ Provide options for landowners for conserving portions of their land while developing others ❖ Achieve a balanced pattern of growth to ensure environmental concerns are considered during the development ❖ Manage the local water resources as a healthy, integrated system that provides long-term benefits from enhanced environmental quality Goal 2: Incorporate sustainable development patterns in the Laurel subdivision and land use codes ❖ Review and update existing zoning and subdivision regulations to ensure environmental preservation and conservation are addressed ❖ Review and update landscaping ordinances as needed to best suit Laurel's natural environment ❖ Manage rivers,floodplains,wetlands, and other water resources for multiple uses, including flood and erosion protection, wildlife habitat, recreational use, open space, and water supply Goal 3: Connect with local, regional, and state agencies and stakeholders to improve the natural environment in and around Laurel ❖ Sponsor environmental cleanup and rehabilitation programs that include the City, school district, community organizations, and residents ❖ Participate in regional watershed studies to achieve adequate long-term flood protection ❖ Explore the possibility of creating a conservation corridor along the Yellowstone River Intergovernmental coordination and collaboration are essential to ensure that the City of Laurel can sustainably develop, seize growth opportunities, and improve residents,visitors, and businesses' quality of life. Consistent intergovernmental coordination will allow Laurel to be a partner and participant rather than a bystander in regional growth. 13 It will be necessary for the City to regularly communicate with local, county, and state partners to seize grant and development opportunities, provide the Laurel perspective, and connect local groups to those in the broader region. It is envisioned that the City will help direct residents, businesses, developers, and groups to helpful county, state,federal and institutional resources and supports. Goal 1: Establish lines of communication with local, county, and state partners ❖ Create an accurate directory of government representatives and staff ❖ Update governmental stakeholders regarding ongoing projects and work in the Laurel area ❖ Develop working relationships with legislators, staff, and stakeholders at different levels of government Goal 2: Coordinate with local and regional institutions to support and grow the Laurel community ❖ Work with economic development groups to seize opportunities for business growth ❖ Connect area businesses with institutions and governmental groups that can support their mission ❖ Communicate with area legislators to provide information on growth patterns and development in the Laurel area. ❖ Maintain open communications with state agencies and the Board of County Commissioners to confirm compliance with statewide codes and operational needs. 1 4. CHAPTER 4: COMMUNITY PROFILE Population Trey,' The City of Laurel was incorporated in 1908.The population of Laurel grew steadily after the early boom years of railroad and oil development.The nearby City of Billings has also contributed to the overall growth and development in Yellowstone County in the past few decades,with Laurel playing a somewhat lesser role. City staff anticipates a continuation of steady growth despite certain developments that may impact this, such as establishing the West Laurel Interchange for interstate 1-90. Yellowstone County Population 180,000 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2018 Est. U.S. Decennial Census, 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Laurel has grown slowly over the past forty years. It is anticipated that Laurel will reach a population of 7,000 after the 2020 U.S. Census is completed. Laurel Population 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2018 Est. U.S. Decennial Census, 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 15 Residents of Laurel tend to be older.The chart below shows that most residents are above 25, with almost 40 percent of the population between the ages of twenty-five and fifty-nine. Laurel Age Distribution 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 2.00% 0.00% t5 t5 t5 t5 t5 t5 t`� t� t5 t5 t5 t5 et a a o e e e e ,e a a a a a a a a a a Je , ,e ye ,e ,e , , , ,e ,e p 0-0 �-0 O_10 -10 h�0 ��0 ��0 O_1O h-10 h�0 at5 J ti ti ti 0 1 ,e 4 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates The charts below provide a summary of the ethnic makeup of the City of Laurel.The current Census estimates indicate that Laurel is not a very diverse community.The lowest estimate for white/Caucasian residents is 95.11 percent, which is displayed in the "Hispanic or Latino and Race" Chart below. Race Estimate Percent Total Population 6,885 100.00% White 6,775 98.40% Black or African American 11 0.16% American Indian and Alaska Naive 192 2.79% Asian 0 0.00% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 0 0.00% Some Other Race 16 0.23% 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Hispanic or Latino and Race Estimate Percent Total Population 6,885 100.00% Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 178 2.59% Mexican 101 1.47% Other Hispanic or Latino 77 1.12% Not Hispanic or Latino 6,707 97.41% 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 1� There are an estimated 2,882 households and 1,907 families in the City of Laurel. Households in Laurel have a median household income of$50,778, while Laurel families have an estimated median income of $68,575. An estimated 9 percent of Laurel residents are below the poverty level compared with 5.5 percent of families. It is forecasted that Laurel's overall population will increase by 1.3 percent between 2019 and 2024, with an increase in total households of 1.1 percent and families of 8.6 percent. "ducatio- Laurel is a well-educated community. 94.07 percent of the population over the age of 25 has attained a high school diploma, with 51.21 percent having at least completed some college or an associate degree program. Laurel spends less per student than the United States average but maintains a more positive student per librarian and student per counselor ratio. Education Laurel, MT United States Expenditures Per Student 8,629.00 12,383.00 Educational Expenditures Per Student 7,897.00 10,574.00 Instructional Expenditures per Student 5,080.00 6,428.00 Pupil/Student Ratio 15.87* 16.80 Students per Librarian 464.70 538.10 Students per Counselor 348.50 403.20 Education in Laurel, Montana. Bestplaces.net. Accessed 2/3/2020. *Figure 25: Student to Teacher Ratios (2013),Towncharts.com Seventy-nine percent of Laurel residents commute to work alone in a car,truck, or van.This percentage is slightly higher than the national average of 76.4 percent. Laurel does have a higher than average carpool rate, with 13.66 percent versus the national average of 9.2 percent, according to the American Community Survey. Laurel residents travel an average of 21.5 minutes to work, which can be partially attributed to the fact that several Laurel residents travel to the nearby city of Billings for employment purposes. (Billings is approximately 17 miles away). Commuting to Work Estimate Percent Workers 16 Years and Over 3,528 100.00% Car,Truck, or Van - Drove Alone 2,787 79.00% Car,Truck, or Van -Carpooled 482 13.66% Public Transportation (excluding Taxicab) 22 0.62% Walked 82 2.32% Other Means 15 0.43% Worked at home 140 3.97% Mean travel time to work(minutes) 21.50 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 17 CHAPTER 5: EMPLOYMENT AND POPULATION FORECASTS A diverse mix of businesses helps a city thrive and allows residents to live, work,and play in their communities. A diverse array of businesses also keeps a community more resilient in the case of economic downturns. Laurel has been blessed with two long-term stable employers; the Montana Rail Link railyard and the CHS Refinery.These two institutions are well established and are not anticipated to disappear.The City of Laurel hopes to diversify the local economy further and attract various businesses and related employment.The growth policy focuses on revitalizing Laurel's downtown businesses, assessing how zoning can be updated to meet the needs of businesses and employees better, and connecting Laurel neighborhoods with the existing business communities to help increase traffic to existing establishments. Employment Foret. 66.92 percent of the estimated 5,362 residents of Laurel aged 16 years and over are in the labor force. Only 2.69 percent are unemployed, and 30.40 percent are not in the labor force, according to the 2017 U.S. Census estimates.The unemployment rate has remained steady, with the current rate at approximately 2.5 percent. Laurel also has a balanced split of occupations, with no general sector having more than 16 percent of the total labor pool.This type of mix of industries and employment is suitable for a community as it helps to insulate it from major economic shifts. Industry Estimate Percent Total Civilian Employed Population 16 years and over 3,588 100.00% Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting, and Mining 153 4.26% Construction 262 7.30% Manufacturing 315 8.78% Wholesale Trade 157 4.38% Retail Trade 603 16.81% Transportation and Warehousing, and Utilities 206 5.74% Information 66 1.84% Finance and Insurance, and Real estate and rental and leasing 208 5.80% Professional, Scientific, and Management, and Administrative and waste management services 299 8.33% Education Services, and Healthcare and Social Assistance 533 14.86% Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation, and Accommodation and Food Services 493 13.74% Other Services, except public administration 233 6.49% Public Administration 60 1.67% 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 18 Housing is a critical asset to a community. Maintaining a mix of affordable housing is essential to attracting a diverse array of people to the community. Housing provides shelter and provides character to a community by way of how it is designed, situated, and utilized.The charts below provide an overview of housing in Laurel. Laurel has a low housing vacancy rate and many owner-occupied units. Housing Occupancy Estimate Percent Total housing units 2,992 100% Occupied housing units 2,882 96.30% Vacant housing units 110 3.70% 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Sixty-seven percent of all houses in Laurel are owner-occupied.This information means that people have invested their time, money, and effort into the Laurel community because they live here full-time. Housing Tenure Estimate Percent Occupied Housing Units 2,882 100.00% Owner-Occupied 1,931 67.00% Renter-Occupied 951 33.00% 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Affordable rents enable a wide array of people to live in the community. Seventy percent of renters in Laurel pay 35 percent or less of their income toward their monthly rent.This percentage is positive because it allows more money to be utilized for other consumer purposes, such as restaurants, shopping, and other services. Gross Rent as a Percentage of Estimate Percent Household Income Occupied units paying rent 898 100.00% Less than 15.0 percent 115 12.81% 15.0 to 19.9 percent 183 20.38% 20.0 to 24.9 percent 52 5.79% 25.0 to 29.9 percent 161 17.93% 30.0 to 34.9 percent 121 13.47% 35.0 percent or more 266 29.62% 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 19 Seventy-eight percent of houses in Laurel are worth between $100,000 and $300,000.The median household value is $169,900.This data is very positive as affordable houses and rents allow a more diverse array of people to become homeowners and put long-term roots into the community. Housing Value Estimate Percent Owner-Occupied Units 1,931 100.00% Less than $50,000 203 10.51% $50,000 to $99,999 155 8.03% $100,000 to 149,999 377 19.52% $150,000 to$199,999 592 30.66% $200,000 to$299,999 554 28.69% $300,000 to$499,999 50 2.59% $500,000 to$999,999 0 0.00% $1,000,000 or More 0 0.00% Median (In Dollars) $ 165,900 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Laurel saw a dip in population between 2013 and 2018 (from 7,035 to 6,766).This trend was reversed in 2019, with an increase in population to 7,242 residents. It is anticipated that Laurel will grow at a steady rate over at least the next five years.This assumption considers the community's proximity to the City of Billings and the ability to attract businesses, residents, and commuters that support the Billings and Yellowstone County economy. City of Laurel 7,800 7 575 7,661 , 7,600 7 490 7,407 7,324 7,400 7,242 7,200 7,035 6,941 6193661936 .'.•... 7,000 6,839 .6;8516,8196 7 6 800 6,718 6,600 6,400 6,200 6,000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Growth Rate 2010-2019 2019-2024 Population 0.880% 1.30% Households 0.840% 1.10% Families 0.580% 8.60% Median Household Income X 1.68% Per Capita Income X 2.44% 20 CHAPTER 6: Land Use Overview Laurel is in South Central Montana, 16 miles west of Billings,the largest City in Montana. Laurel is located along major transportation routes, including Interstate 1-90, Route 212, and Old Route 10. Laurel is located 223 miles east of Helena,the state capital, seventy miles from the northeast entrance of Yellowstone National Park, 80 miles from the Little Big Horn Battlefield National Monument, and 137 miles from Bozeman. Laurel is located on the western boundary of Yellowstone County.This area has seen significant development with the City of Billings' continued growth, but the surrounding region remains sparsely populated and remains mostly prairie, rangeland, and farmland. The City of Laurel has developed slowly in the past few decades.The development has focused itself north and west of the City.There are also many vacant and underused parcels within the City itself.The area adjacent to Interstate 1-90 is mostly commercial and industrial.This similar land use is seen along Old Route 10 to the west of the City. Existing Land Uses The City of Laurel has a variety of established zoning districts.These districts cover a wide range of uses and purposes.The districts and their official definitions can be found below. ❖ Agricultural-open space (AO) zone-The agricultural-open space zone is intended to preserve land for agricultural and related use. Land within this zone is usually un-subdivided and contains a minimum of roads, streets, and other utilities. It may be cultivated acreage or land less suitable for cultivation,yet suitable for various agricultural enterprises using the broadest scope of the agricultural definition. Land within this zone may be located adjacent to highways and arterial streets.The AO zone is further intended to discourage the scattered intrusion of uses not compatible with an agricultural rural environment. ❖ Suburban residential (SR) zone-This zone is limited to single-family residential tracts on a minimum of five acres of land and on which agricultural uses may be conducted with the exception that animal units shall not exceed ten per five acres. ❖ Residential tracts (RT) zone-This zone is designed for single-family residential homes on a minimum of one acre of land. Livestock is limited to two livestock units per acre with additional units allowed per additional half-acre increments in conformance with Section 17.08.651 of this code. No livestock is allowed in the city limits, and all livestock must be removed if/when annexation occurs. ❖ Residential estates-22,000(RE-22,000) zone-This zone is intended to provide of low-density, single-family, residential development in areas near or adjacent to the City that are served by either central water or sewer systems. 21 ❖ Residential-7500 (R-7500) zone—This zone is intended to provide an area for medium, urban- density, single-family, residential environment on lots that are served by a public sewer and sewer system. ❖ Residential-6000 (R-6000) zone—This zone is intended to promote an area for a high, urban- density, duplex residential environment on lots that are usually served by a public water and sewer system. ❖ Residential light multifamily (RLMF) zone—This zone is intended to provide a suitable residential environment for medium density(up to a fourplex) residential dwellings.The area is usually served by a public water and sewer system. ❖ Residential multifamily(RMF) zone-The RMF zone is intended to provide a suitable residential environment for medium to high density residential dwellings; and to establish,where possible, a buffer between residential and commercial zones. ❖ Residential manufactured home (RMH) zone -The RMH zone is intended to provide a suitable residential environment for individual manufactured homes, manufactured home parks, and competitive accessory uses. ❖ Planned unit development (PUD) zone—This zone is intended to provide a district in which the use of the land is for the development of residential and commercial purposes, as an integrated unit. ❖ Residential professional (RP) zone -This zone is intended to permit professional and semiprofessional uses compatible with surrounding residential development. ❖ Neighborhood commercial (NC) zone-The NC zone is intended to accommodate shopping facilities consisting of convenience retail and personal service establishments which secure their principal trade by supplying the daily needs of the population residing within a one-half mile radius of such neighborhood facilities.The location and quantity of land within the NC zone should be a business island not more than four acres in size and that no business frontage should extend more than six hundred feet along any street. ❖ Central business district(CBD) classification -The CBD classification is intended to primarily accommodate stores, hotels, governmental and cultural centers and service establishments at the central focal point of the City's transportation system. ❖ Community commercial (CC) classification -The CC classification is primarily to accommodate community retail, service and office facilities offering a greater variety than would normally be found in a neighborhood or convenience retail development. Facilities within the classification will generally serve an area within a one and one-half mile radius and is commensurate with the purchasing power and needs of the present and potential population within the trade area. It is intended that these business facilities be provided in business corridors or islands rather than a strip development along arterials. 22 ❖ Highway commercial (HC) district-The purpose of this district is to provide areas for commercial and service enterprises which are intended primarily to serve the needs of the tourist,traveler, recreationist, or the general traveling public. Areas designated as highway commercial should be located in the vicinity of, and accessible from freeway interchanges, intersections in limited access highways, or adjacent to primary or secondary highways.The manner in which the services and commercial activities are offered should be carefully planned in order to minimize the hazard to the safety of the surrounding community and those who use such services; and to prevent long strips of commercially zoned property. ❖ Light industrial (LI) classification -A LI classification is intended to accommodate a variety of business warehouse and light industrial uses related to wholesale plus other business and light industries not compatible with other commercial zones, but which need not be restricted in industrial or general commercial zones, and to provide locations directly accessible to arterial and other transportation systems where they can conveniently serve the business and industrial center of the City and surrounding area. ❖ Heavy industrial (HI) district—This district accommodates manufacturing, processing, fabrication, and assembly of materials and products. Areas designated as heavy industry should have access to two or more major transportation routes, and such sites should have adjacent space for parking and loading facilities. ❖ Airport (AP) zone-The AP zone is designated to preserve existing and establish new compatible land uses around the Laurel airport. ❖ Floodplain (FP) zone-This zone is designed to restrict the types of uses allowed within the areas designated as the floodplain and floodways as officially adopted by the Montana Board of Natural Resources and Conservation, Helena, Montana. ❖ Public (P) zone—This zone is intended to reserve land exclusively for public and semipublic uses in order to preserve and provide adequate land for a variety of community facilities which serve the public health, safety and general welfare. 23 r Z i oa.r i �• _ � l•g,. •� CC LL ice_ a' G O.._r :._._.'_r MARYLANDLN W 1;City Limits :L r • Surface Water 01,,.._: �WWK i Q Parcels t' a i � C Land UseI ti7 N G Park ! ! n ! �� ■ ■ a !i Public Lands i ! ! ■ �'__ *0�,� ; - - Institution Golf Course ♦ �N, -- HIGH Y 10 W:i.. G �'MP RAILROAD S.T._..._..._..._..._..._..._... Rural Residential :rt to Single Household Residential Ar4 Mobile Residential - a. �� � •'- � �r� Multi-household Residental N Nursing Home M Commercial - w Heavy Industrial `+_..._..._.._..._•' `w Light Industrial Parcels without shading are considered vacant orwithout a current land use.This 1 1 J may include uses such as accessory storage,pasture,grazing,and croplands. `O ILL Map _ � r \ Map Prepared by KLJ b June 8,2020 0 0.25 0.5 Miles I t I i a Land At�data created from Montana cadastral data and Yellowstone County building address data. ' U EXISTING LAND USE Laurel Area Existing Land Use Zoning, 2020 24 Residential and Rural Residential Laurel's many residential districts provide a variety of housing densities,volumes, and types. Laurel has a joint city-county planning board and has regulations that accommodate these two different modes of living.The older areas of the City, such as the south side and neighborhoods adjacent to downtown, have higher density zoning as is appropriate for those originally platted parcels and smaller-scale residential buildings. Newer developments and additions to the City generally have lower density zoning than the original Laurel townsite and are more suburban. It is important to provide a mix of residential styles and types to provide residents and prospective residents a housing choice. Laurel is a full-service community with supermarkets, gas stations, bars, and restaurants accessible to the public.There are a variety of different commercial areas as well. The traditional central business district remains heavily commercial,with some buildings containing apartments on the upper floors.The area adjacent to 1-90 accessible from 1st Avenue S. by E. Railroad St. and SE 4th St. contains commercial and industrial properties that serve residents and highway travelers.The parcels along Old Rt. 10 contain a mix of zoning, including highway-focused commercial properties. Many properties located along E. Main Street are zoned Community Commercial and contain a variety of establishments. Public The City of Laurel maintains a full array of public facilities to serve the residents, businesses, and institutions within the city limits.The City maintains a fully staffed city hall, public library, public works shops, a water treatment plant, and a sewer treatment plant.The Laurel School District maintains the Laurel High School and Middle School along with Graff Elementary School, South Elementary School, and West Elementary School. Laurel is home to many parks of all shapes and sizes.The most important of these parks are Thompson Park and Riverside Park.Thompson Park is in the City center and has many athletic fields, a public pool, and public facilities. Riverside Park is a historic park that has been used by residents and travelers to the area since before the City of Laurel officially existed.Throughout Laurel's history,this park has been used by private, civic, and government groups. Many other smaller parks are established as land has been annexed into the City and further developed. There is a large amount of industrial property in and around the City of Laurel.The City of Laurel was initially built around the commercial rail yard currently operated by Montana Rail Link,the most massive switching yard between Minneapolis and Seattle.The second major industrial property is the large refinery complex owned and operated by CHS Inc.The other crucial industrial property in and around the City is the Fox Lumber operation, located along East Railroad Street. 25 The City of Laurel established a Tax Increment Finance District (TIF) in 2007 that encompasses the traditional downtown area and the SE 41h Street commercial area.This District has provided financing for infrastructure projects and grant funding to local property owners and residents for fagade, structural, signage improvements, and technical assistance within the district.The grant program is managed by the volunteer board that makes up the laurel Urban Renewal Agency. 26 CHAPTER 7: FUTURE LAND USE Overview Laurel has struggled to grow over the past two decades due to a lack of long-term planning capacity, lack of funding, and a lack of focus on larger goals. Laurel's somewhat stagnant growth happened during a time of consistent growth for the neighboring City of Billings and other areas throughout Yellowstone County. Laurel must be forward-thinking if it wants to thrive as a separate entity outside of Billings.This change of thinking involves planning for commercial and industrial expansion, seizing growth opportunities, and adopting zoning and development standards that meet the city needs and attract developers and new residents. Residents of Laurel pride themselves on the small-town character of the community.The City needs to properly plan for growth and have the appropriate regulations to grow and maintain the classic community character that residents enjoy.This balance includes establishing appropriate building design standards, zoning requirements, and signage standards to maintain community character. Residential District Residential areas within Laurel come in many shapes and sizes. Some are more densely built and more urban looking, while others are the traditional, modern American suburb with single-family homes. Many American cities continue to maintain a more restrictive style code that limits specific residential uses,types, and sizes while others have begun moving toward a more inclusive model of allowing different styles, sizes, and housing types in residential areas. Some different housing types compared to the traditional single-family home include accessory dwelling units (ADU's), townhomes, and rowhouses. Expanding housing options can be as simple as adjusting the number of allowable units and setbacks for lots. Development in residential neighborhoods can be increased through small changes. Studying the existing districts and updating setbacks and other restrictions can significantly impact helping our neighborhoods evolve and grow over time. Vacant Lai The City currently has numerous unused or vacant parcels that could be brought into productive use. Adaptive reuse of vacant structures is a strategy many cities use to revitalize downtowns. Prioritizing infill development for the downtown area and the SE 4t"Street District can help bring new businesses, jobs, and residents.The City can also utilize Tax Incremental Financing(TIF) funding to support vacant properties' acquisition and rehabilitation within the downtown and SE 4t"Street commercial areas. Partnering with local institutions and organizations to better utilize unused land as gathering spaces or as a home for community projects and other efforts can help people see new land uses that may have been unused/vacant for many years. The City of Laurel currently has multiple development standards that include the Public Works Standards, rules governing utilities, and subdivision development requirements.Adopting a consistent and understandable set of development standards for areas within the City and its zoning jurisdiction will ease the development process for residents, landowners, and developers. 27 The extraterritorial zoning of Laurel extends approximately one mile outside the municipal city limits. This current zoning district is classified as "Residential Tracts" and is focused on low-density residential. The City needs to ensure that this zoning designation and its requirements still adequately cover county residents' needs within the zoning jurisdiction. It is recommended that City staff ensure this extraterritorial zoning can easily allow county residents to join the City if they so choose. Infrastructure Extr, s Planning for the expansion of city services and infrastructure is vital in bringing new growth to a community.The City did not address long-term infrastructure and growth for many years. Installing new infrastructure is expensive, but it is more costly to lose development opportunities that allow the community to grow and develop. Identifying and installing critical infrastructure along major routes needs to be a priority for city staff.There are w many opportunities to support these infrastructure efforts through public 7 -n- f,,� `B and private grants and loan programs. Many grant programs exist to extend infrastructure to support job creation and economic growth. Grants such as these can be used to expand infrastructure to the recently completed West Laurel Interchange. New development and growth require ` adequate infrastructure to support it. Development of an Annexation Plan and a Capital Improvement Plan can establish the priority areas for growth and establish project costs for identified infrastructure needs. Laurel has not previously prepared either of these types of plans. It would be wise for city staff, partners, and stakeholders to study the possibilities for significant commercial and industrial development in the area and plan infrastructure to accommodate these new land uses. 28 z ' I M, ,V IL �N- LLI �- r- MARYLAND LN _ 1,,,� :- .a _ _ --'- i 75 Uj LL d Q r � City Limits p1� 5� SurfaceWater HIGHWAY 1.0 W RAILROAD ST Proposed Land Use Low Density Residential ;:�Wp Medium Density ResidentialPP ✓ - I, Mobile PUD �- High Density Residential Commercial Uj Industrial - 1 Public WIL LL Map Prepared by:KLJ l June 2020 _ �,e� 01 g� 0 p 0.5 1 Miles `/ �gporti __�' 3o r¢e.€sn:•igi alfloba - - PROPOSED LAND USE MAP Laurel Future Land Use, 2020 29 Future Land Use Goals and Objectives This plan's overall goal is to conserve open space while maximizing areas currently in and directly adjacent to the City. Parks and greenways will be essential amenities for residential developments and commercial corridors and should be considered in initial planning rather than as an afterthought. Zoning will be updated to provide a more diverse array of housing types and density. Priority areas and parcels for annexation and development will be determined, and infrastructure extension costs will be discussed. Codes will be updated to maintain community character while simultaneously enabling the development of new neighborhoods. Work in the central business district will focus on infill and mixed- use development to create the most effective use of Laurel's traditional downtown. Goal 1: Conserve open space and traditional land uses ❖ Encourage cluster developments to incorporate open space into new developments ❖ Provide options for landowners for conserving portions of their land ❖ Study and Implement strategies to create an interconnected system of parks and greenways and open space that are accessible to area residents Goal 2: Develop downtown Laurel into a vibrant place to live, work, and play ❖ Encourage mixed uses for living, working, and shopping local ❖ Identify priority parcels for infill development ❖ Implement Placemaking projects to create a more livable and enjoyable downtown ❖ Partner with local groups to support community businesses, events, and gatherings ❖ Connect with regional agencies to access project funding, receive technical support, and boost the visibility of Laurel development opportunities Goal 3: Update Subdivision Code to meet the needs of Laurel and the surrounding area ❖ Provide clear and consistent standards ❖ Ensure the proper scale and scope of regulations ❖ Include trails, open space, and greenway considerations in parkland subdivision review ❖ Regularly review and update the Subdivision Code as needed to remain current Goal 4: Update the Zoning Code to provide for greater flexibility of allowable uses, clearer requirements, and more efficient land use ❖ Study the inclusion of different types of housing within residential districts ❖ Update Overlay Districts, Parking Requirements, and the Sign Code to better fit the City's needs and character ❖ Allow mixed-use live/work opportunities in commercial areas ❖ Enable property owners to use their land more effectively and efficiently Goal 5: Use long term planning documents to identify funding and address priority needs for infrastructure and development ❖ Establish an Annexation Plan to develop priority growth areas and strategies ❖ Develop a Capital Improvement Plan for vital infrastructure to support the City as it grows ❖ Prepare a Commercial and Industrial Development Study for land adjacent to major transportation routes in the Laurel area 30 CHAPTER 7.5: ANNEXATION Overview The annexation of properties outside the current city limits must have Laurel remain a viable, independent community.Annexing territory into a municipality helps a city grow geographically, economically, and socially. Laurel's actual City has grown slowly over the past few decades,with very few new subdivisions and parcels annexing into the City despite many developments in the surrounding area.The City of Laurel and its residents seek to maintain their longstanding identity and character while supporting steady growth. Due to the City's proximity to the fast-growing City of Billings, annexation is now necessary to ensure Laurel's long-term viability, character, and independence. Annexation planning is a long-term process in both scope and scale.Targets and goals are usually set for a timeline of five and ten years, with performance measures in place to track progress. Implementing successful annexation and growth activities involves thoughtful updates to local development and annexation codes, addressing infrastructure gaps, and outreach to nearby county property owners and developers to showcase the City's benefits. Annexation is presented in Title 7, Chapter 2. in the Montana Code Annotated that establishes the Creation, Alteration, and Abandonment of Local Governments. Parts of this chapter sets the conditions and rules for annexation and addition of territory into a municipality, establishes the ways areas can be annexed and provides specific limitations to these processes for both municipalities and property owners. Annexation is a process that brings new territory into a municipality and extends public services to that territory. Annexation is a necessary process to continue the growth and development of communities in Montana.Adding new territory to a community adds new business opportunities, industry, recreation, and residential developments. Annexation also provides an opportunity for new resources and amenities to be added. Laurel is currently at a crossroads in development.The City has not grown or expanded significantly in the past few decades, while the nearby city of Billings has been steadily expanding westward toward Laurel. Billings has established and implemented a long-term annexation and expansion plan while Laurel has had piecemeal annexations and additions to the City. Laurel could find itself hobbled financially if it does not address annexing new territory that can create growth opportunities as Billings steadily expands into western Yellowstone County. Proper annexation planning and implementation can lead to increased economic activity, new residential development, and increased revenues for the local government to provide services. Growth and expansion need to be an official part of Laurel's conversation to remain a viable, livable, and autonomous community in the future. It will be necessary to update the current annexation policy to ensure it provides reasonable restrictions, clear guidelines, and options and incentives to developers and property owners who want to annex the City. 31 Establishing priority areas is essential for setting a plan for growth, starting discussions with property owners and developers, and preparing projects. A map of the Laurel Planning Jurisdiction and priority growth areas are presented on the next page. Areas to the west of Laurel are a high priority for development due to their proximity to the City and established transportation corridors.The annexation of territory to the west presents the most viable options for growth. Roadways already serve this area, and there are adjacent services nearby. A high priority should be placed on parcels between 8th Avenue and Golf Course Road, parcels neighboring the intersection of Old Rt. 10, and the West Laurel Interchange. There are many areas directly adjacent to the east of the City that would be prime candidates for annexation in addition to the previously mentioned westward expansion.The parcels between Alder Avenue and Yard Office Road, especially those along East 8th Street, should be considered and the lands adjacent to the Village Subdivision.These areas are already closely linked to the City with roads and services, and their inclusion would fill gaps in the Laurel City Map. A few specific areas should be looked at for annexation north of the City as well.These include lands off West 121h Street that straddle the big ditch, areas between Montana Avenue and Great Northern Road, and the land neighboring 1st Ave North to Lois Place. Growing the City of Laurel to the south is not a viable option because the CHS refinery makes up the bulk of the land between Interstate-90 and the Yellowstone River.The costs associated with the extension and construction of city services to those parcels adjacent to and south of the Yellowstone River would be prohibitive due to the distances needed to extend infrastructure and the fact that floodplain makes up much of the land adjacent to the Yellowstone River. 32 14 13 18 ti I. 17 13 1a s 1 ........15_._.__.._HESPER RQ VE LLDWSTONE CO. JI NEIDAUER R❑ i1 T1S R23E T1S R25E 20 a T1S R24E u, K2 2 � LljI � 75 J3 3J I e1 at 3a 35 31 6 32 yeLlj LAUREL AIRPORT RID 4. °_ a1 oe cs sa 12 °d Z re w "- `n LN � 1L to p 117ARYLFND U 4 oe ` I O U `� c-ab � 1t 12 / a9 T 11 13 Oi pp a9 K ta._. it la o] LL os N y HIGHWAY law M RAILROA�LT O _ W IT 16 I8 to is 17 io 11 43 18 m �%•' le 16 r City Limits T2S R24E�, = T2S R25E T2S R23E =n+ :»�-�� M Surface Water W, _ 0 Planning Jurisdiction % eT _ �� � .. zM1 2s � F ze ya az 0 Annexation Priority Areas a,RN J County Line x � 319 .I \ �^ w PLSS a y i 2102 Parcels ae as Qi �� za, as 3a as 1 za ¢� ze as ssr za za N DAVIS CREEK RD � 11J 3c as s1 sa LL_ Map Prepared by KLJ June 2020 �� $ 0, 4.5 si, 2'hllile5 < " m I m o® { � ae oa m 0e as ae LL OR r �sn OlgllalGlobe. - U PLANNING JURISDICTION Laurel Planning Jurisdiction and Priority Growth Areas, 2020 33 Annexation Policies Laurel has not annexed many territories in recent years.This lack of annexation can be attributed to the 2008 annexation policy, which many prospective developers consider draconian. Many property owners and developers have remarked that the policy's strict requirements and its lack of alternatives and options for infrastructure financing and build-out place too high a price on annexation to make it feasible. Discussions should take place as to if this approved policy still serves the City's needs and what policies and requirements would enable growth activities and annexation more fully.A future annexation policy should also establish priority areas and specific goals over the next five to ten years. Connection to improved utilities and services is the main driver behind annexing into a municipality. Laurel has not developed a long-term plan around extending services that can enable property owners to annex into the City more quickly. Developing a CIP will help Laurel prioritize growth areas and build out public services to position Laurel for growth and attract new properties and development to the City. The following two goals were prepared to help the City of Laurel grow through annexation. Goal 1: Adopt a long-range view for the growth of the City ❖ Establish a growth-conscious set of policies to expand the City and its services ❖ Create priority growth areas for extension of services ❖ Develop and approve an Annexation Plan for the Laurel Planning Jurisdiction ❖ Support the creation of a long-term Capital Improvement Plan for the extension of essential infrastructure Goal 2: Manage fiscal responsibility with established and proposed annexation standards ❖ Ensure that the established standards are right and proper for the City of Laurel ❖ Ease the burden for developers to annex into the City while meeting established standards ❖ Allow greater flexibility in development patterns ❖ Determine the cost and benefits of annexation 34 CHAPTER 8: HOUSING Overview Housing is an essential element of any community.This chapter summarizes housing in Laurel and discusses some housing support programs to help renters and current and prospective homeowners. Having adequate, accessible, and affordable housing is an essential piece of what attracts people to a community.The City of Laurel has a variety of housing options and housing types that provide options for residents. It is crucial to maintain a wide array of housing that meets the market's different demands, including rental properties, multifamily units, single-family homes, and retirement homes. Laurel's location has made it an attractive bedroom community to Billings.This strategic location opens opportunities for traditional neighborhood residential housing and embraces the growing trends of building closer-knit, dense, connected neighborhoods for more urban and in-town development. It will be necessary for the city to think about housing and real estate trends as it grows.This will ensure that the current population's housing needs are met while creating housing that will interest prospective residents and homeowners. Approximately 68 percent of Laurel's housing stock dates to before 1979. Aging housing stock can pose issues for maintenance, safety, and accessibility.These issues can lead to the need for code enforcement to step in to ensure the local ordinances are followed and that the situation has not become hazardous or dangerous. Ensuring that new housing is built will provide new homeownership opportunities and help raise the standard of housing available for residents. Housing Structure Age 770 800 700 600 511 500 446 400 325 342 300 255 172 200 116 100 � � 0 Built Built Built Built Built Built Built Built Built Built 2014 2010 2000 1990 1980 1970 1960 1950 1940 1939 or later to to to to to to to to or 2013 2009 1999 1989 1979 1969 1959 1949 earlier 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Sixty-five percent of Laurel's housing stock is made up of detached single-family homes. Mobile homes make up the next most significant share of housing at 15 percent of units. 35 This proportion of detached single-family homes has been the norm for Laurel and many other cities and towns throughout the United States. It is important to think about current and emerging housing trends to embrace growth opportunities, whether in a traditional residential neighborhood or more urban or downtown environments. Units in Structure Estimate Percent Total housing units 2,992 2,992 1-unit, detached 1,952 65.20% 1-unit, attached 87 2.90% 2 units 92 3.10% 3 or 4 units 103 3.40% 5 to 9 units 119 4.00% 10 to 19 units 48 1.60% 20 or more units 130 4.30% Mobile home 461 15.40% Boat, RV,van, etc. 0 0.00% 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates A move back towards traditional downtowns has also been seen across the United States.This trend presents various opportunities for diversifying the type and size of housing options to include rowhouses,townhomes, live-work (mixed-use) buildings, and more. Many parts of the United States are facing issues with housing affordability.This affordability issue has included some communities in Montana, such as Bozeman and Whitefish. Housing in Laurel has generally remained affordable despite being located within twenty miles of the state's largest city.The charts below provide an overview of both current housing value and rental expenditures. Housing Value 2.59% 10.51% ®� 8.03% PF ■ Less than$50,000 ■$50,000 to$99,999 ■ $100,000 to 149,999 ■$150,000 to$199,999 ■ $200,000 to$299,999 m $300,000 to$499,999 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 36 Rental affordability is an essential factor in retaining residents, especially those who may work in the service and retail industries. Overall, 57 percent of Laurel residents spend less than 30 percent of their income on rent.These statistics is a positive figure that allows a diverse array of residents to afford to live in Laurel. Rent as Share of Household Income 12.81% mom 0 11 r v..,"ww�%� 5.79% ■ Less than 15.0 percent ■ 15.0 to 19.9 percent ■ 20.0 to 24.9 percent ■ 25.0 to 29.9 percent ■ 30.0 to 34.9 percent , 35.0 percent or more 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Many housing support and incentive programs exist that are sponsored by non-profits, institutions, and state and federal agencies, including the following: Montana Housing Support Programs ❖ Bond Advantage Down Payment Assistance program ❖ MBOH Plus 0% Deferred Down Payment Assistance Program ❖ Multi-Family Coal Trust Homes Program ❖ Housing Choice Voucher Program ❖ Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) ❖ Project-Based Section 8 ❖ Section 811 Supporting Housing for Persons with Disabilities The Federal Government also has several First Time Homebuyer Loans and Programs, including the following: ❖ FHA Loan Program ❖ HUD-Good Neighbor Next Door Buyer Aid Program ❖ Homepath ReadyBuyer Program ❖ Energy Efficient Mortgage Program ❖ HOME Investment Partnerships Program 37 Community Land Trust Community Land Trusts (CLTs) are non-profits that hold land permanently in trust for communities to make it available for housing,farming, ranching, commercial space, historic preservation, or open space. These organizations separate the land price from the improvements made to it, investing subsidy, and enforcing resale restrictions on properties to ensure permanent affordability.Trust Montana is a statewide organization that assists rural cities and towns with managing community land trusts to ensure they can maintain affordable and traditional land uses. CLTs serve an essential role in setting aside land as a community asset for generations to use and enjoy. Inclusionary Zoning Inclusionary zoning is a land-use policy that incentivizes dense housing development through tax relief, abatements, and bonuses.These zoning policies enable developers to maintain regular profits while capturing a share of excess profits for public benefit. Inclusionary zoning utilizes feasibility studies to analyze the impact of density and infill development on specific areas. Communities must carefully weigh each incentive's costs and benefits and evaluate them relative to the affordable housing requirements or goals. Incentives include: ❖ Density Bonuses ❖ Expedited Processing ❖ Fee waivers ❖ Parking reductions ❖ Tax abatements Goal 1: Encourage a mixture of housing types to meet the demand of all market sectors ❖ Maintain a diverse array of housing and affordability levels ❖ Promote higher density housing types in the downtown area and adjacent to major transportation corridors ❖ Study mixed-use housing and other alternative housing types and styles ❖ Provide options for a full spectrum of housing from rentals to retirement housing Goal 2: Provide information on housing-related grants, loans, and ownership programs ❖ Develop a list of resources for renters and homeowners ❖ Collect information on federal, state, local, and philanthropic rental and homeownership programs ❖ Advise Laurel area residents as to available support for housing, rent, and homeownership 38 CHAPTER 9: INFRASTRUCTURE Overview The City of Laurel Department of Public Works operates the municipal water treatment and distribution system,the wastewater collection and treatment system. It conducts maintenance and improvement work on roads, streets, sidewalks, and parks.The City of Laurel has recently completed several major infrastructure upgrades.These include an upgrade to the Wastewater Treatment Plant, an overhaul of the Water Treatment Plant, installation of a new water Intake, and improvement of the sedimentation basins at the Wastewater Treatment Plants r rw There are still primary infrastructure needs that need to be addressed.The City's water and sewer lines are aging, and in many places are still the original lines installed around the time of incorporation. A major priority is to study how to provide services to the West Laurel Interchange area, which has ' significant growth potential. Opportunities also include expanding services to nearby county residents to the north, west, and east of the current city limits. There is a total of 2,858 water connections in the city system. Exploring funding for the extension and improvement of water } and wastewater services to enable more annexation and development is worthwhile.Additionally, funding the expansion of the capacity of the City to handle stormwater p p Y Y runoff is of vital importance in increasing the longevity of streets, roads, and pedestrian areas. Y The goals and objectives presented in this chapter are focused on just a few critical areas. It is hoped that the City can ' t maintain an efficient and effective system of infrastructure and z services that meets the City's needs while establishing long- � term capital infrastructure goals to expand and improve . services.The City should seek federal, state, and philanthropic grant and loan programs to support these goals and priorities. The City of Laurel's Wastewater Treatment Plant is located at 5310 Sewer Plant Road. It is staffed with three operators and one relief.The facility was first constructed in 1908 and underwent substantial upgrades in the 1930s and 1986.The Plant most recently underwent a significant upgrade that was completed in 2016.The reclamation system is a Biological Nutrient Removal system (BNR).The facility now conducts sludge dewatering as well.The new system has reduced nitrogen levels and phosphorus being discharged into the Yellowstone River. Improvement of the Sedimentation Basins was completed in 2019.The wastewater system has a capacity of 1,120,000 gallons per day. City staff should monitor the current wastewater and sewer system to ensure that it can meet the growing demands of the City. 39 The Laurel Water Treatment Plant is located at 802 Highway 212 South.An upgrade of the Water Treatment Plant was completed in 2019.The Plant operates 24 hours per day and is staffed with six employees plus management.The Water Treatment Plant has a treatment capacity of 5,000,000 gallons per day.The Plant provides water service to more than 6,700 people and has a total of 2,858 metered connections. The Yellowstone River is the raw water source for the City of Laurel. A water right was filed in 1908, giving the City access to 12,600,000 gallons per day.A water reserve was granted in 1978 that allowed for the anticipation of future growth and added 6,380,000 gallons per day. The original water distribution system was installed in 1908.There is currently one ground storage tank built in 1967 with a capacity of 4,000,000 gallons, with 2,000,000 of them being usable and the other 2,000,000 creating pressure for distribution. Additionally,the City has two booster pump stations. Pipe sizes in the system range from 2 to 18 inches in diameter.The 301 fire hydrants scattered throughout the system are tested routinely to ensure they are working correctly. The City provides water to all areas within the City Limits; however, 82 residential connections and one industrial connection are outside the City boundary. Property owners in the county who are interested in connecting to the City system must make all the necessary excavations and pay for all materials necessary for connections.The current standards and regulations for public works and utilities require developers to extend to utilities. The Yellowstone River has provided adequate water for the City, but in recent years concerns have been raised regarding enough flow due to erosion from flooding and droughts.The City has taken steps to counteract these concerns through significant upgrades to the Water Treatment System. Upgrades and improvements were completed on the sedimentation basins and the Water Treatment Plant in 2019. 40 Additionally, a new water intake in the Yellowstone River was completed in 2017 to ensure a stable water supply despite the changing nature of the river's course and level. One additional project that has been identified is the need for a second water reservoir to create extra storage capacity as the City grows.The City should include this in any future public works planning documents. Stormwater is collected and managed to prevent flooding, erosion, and contamination of water sources. Water can carry pollutants such as oil, fertilizer, pesticides, soils, and trash as it runs off rooftops, paved streets, highways, and parking lots after a rain event or during snowmelt. Stormwater can flow directly into the Yellowstone River from a property or into a storm drain and through the city infrastructure until it is released into the Yellowstone River.The three significant concerns of stormwater management are the volume of runoff water,the timing of runoff water, and the potential contaminants the water is carrying. The City of Laurel has historically experienced problems with flooding in the downtown area. Flooding activities are generally from heavy rain runoff and not directly due to the nearby Yellowstone River.The City of Laurel has a limited stormwater infrastructure to handle stormwater runoff.The majority of stormwater infrastructure is in the central business district and the South East 41h Street area. Stormwater management has also been established for the Elena, Iron Horse, and Foundation Subdivisions. The City needs to address stormwater infrastructure within its current limits and as it expands. Creating an adequate stormwater management system helps keep roadways in good condition and lessens drivers' hazards in inclement weather. Stormwater system extensions should be considered during any roadway planning procedure to ensure roadways improvements do not have to be recreated. The City of Laurel Public Works Department provides exclusive solid waste collection services within the city limits.The City does not provide any solid waste collection services outside of the city limits. Garbage services are not exclusive to parcels that choose to annex into the City as per Montana state regulations.The City of Laurel operates the City's transfer station, which is located at 175 Buffalo Trail Road. The transfer station provides added services such as taking in large or bulky items,tree branches, and other unusual materials and pieces. Laurel utilizes the Billings Regional Landfill located nearby. Infrastructure Goals and Objectives Goal 1: Maintain an Effective and Efficient Public Infrastructure System that Adequately Serves the Needs of the City ❖ Develop a data-driven infrastructure maintenance schedule ❖ Determine any existing gaps in services and other infrastructure deficiencies within the City ❖ Adopt up-to-date infrastructure standards that are appropriate for the needs of the City ❖ Study using public spaces within floodplains, watercourses, and wetlands to be used as passive recreation areas such as parks and greenways ❖ Study the feasibility of recycling programs and other means to reduce solid waste ❖ Incorporate stormwater system planning into roadway and other infrastructure planning processes 4.1 Goal 2: Establish the Long-Term Capital and Infrastructure Needs for the City ❖ Develop a Capital Improvement Plan for the improvement and expansion of infrastructure ❖ Prepare a Water System Master Plan ❖ Create a Wastewater System Master Plan ❖ Complete a Stormwater Management Plan ❖ Ensure infrastructure planning documents are routinely updated. ❖ Confirm that the established infrastructure priorities are adequate Goal 3: Seek out Possible Funding Sources for the Expansion and Improvement of Infrastructure and Essential Community Services ❖ Study the physical and financial needs for the extension of infrastructure to priority growth areas. ❖ Collaborate with Montana agencies on major projects and studies ❖ Explore federal, state, and philanthropic infrastructure grant opportunities ❖ Determine positive impacts from the expansion and improvement of infrastructure ❖ Apply for funding opportunities that are appropriate for city priorities and projects and assist in keeping user fees reasonable 42 CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION Overview Laurel is at the center of a major transportation network that includes local streets and sidewalks, state arterials, railroad lines, and an interstate highway.The city itself was surveyed and built on a gridded road network that provided orderly development for residential and commercial properties close to the railroad, Old Route 10, and Pt Avenue,which run through Laurel's downtown.The establishment of Interstate-90 near Laurel led to commercial development on the south side of the city. Subsequent developments of residential subdivisions and commercial areas have not continued the original ordered network, causing problems for road continuity, provision of services, and orderly and consistent city growth at its boundaries.The railyard and numerous railroad lines bisect the city, separating neighborhoods from each other and creating only two north-south access points, the 1"Avenue underpass, and the 5th Avenue railroad crossing. Connecting transportation decisions with land use policy is a crucial city goal. A priority for the city is to develop a multi-modal approach to streets and pathways.The City will encourage intensive land use within and adjacent to the city and along major transportation routes while ensuring residential developments provide adequate and accessible pedestrian improvements to allow everyone to access their community. Establishing a consistent maintenance plan to preserve, improve, and expand the transportation network will provide current and future residents with an easy and effective way to move around the city regardless of travel mode.The orderly growth of the transportation network will also be essential to ensure neighborhoods and commercial areas are easily accessible to all.These transportation goals help increase quality of life, connect people to their community, increase safety, and plan for current trends and future growth. Laurel's downtown core and original neighborhoods were developed on a gridded network of streets and alleyways. Subsequent - developments have strayed from this system and have not followed any f set guidelines for road connections or continuity. This lack of orderly roads and pedestrian systems Arr outside Laurel's traditional core has created future growth issues. Very few existing streets allow for unbroken travel from the east to the west side of Laurel. New development has taken place without considering roadway connections and traffic planning. 43 Subsequent subdivisions and construction have not provided easements or right of way to continue city thoroughfares, and structures were constructed within the path of right of ways.This lack of forethought is especially apparent west of 81h Avenue, which has many roads that seemingly go nowhere. It will be necessary for Laurel to establish specific guidelines to ensure adequate road connectivity for traffic flow, safety,wayfinding, and the extension of future services. Laurel has only two north-south road connections between its northern and southern neighborhoods. The two connections are the Vt Avenue underpass and 5th Avenue railroad crossing.The nearest other connections are Exit 437 for East Laurel and Exit 426 to Park City. Investigating other means of north- south access and finding other connection points will improve emergency service response, ease traffic along major routes, and improve accessibility to and from different city areas. Many of Laurel's roads are also in dire need of repair. Many of the city's older local roads were built with deficiencies and antiquated design methods, which now compound annual maintenance problems. The city recently completed a study of its municipal road network that included an inventory and provide solutions to the system's infrastructure deficits. Utilizing this study and updated development and service standards will lead to improved road conditions and connectivity for Laurel residents, businesses, and visitors. Two major state routes pass through Laurel.These are 1"Avenue,which forms the major north-south route, and Old Route 10, which runs east-west and acts as Laurel's Main Street.These routes support significant commercial and industrial traffic, resulting in congestion during peak hours at intersections. Seeking mobility and safety improvements along these two routes is encouraged to create more livable, accessible, and safer streets as the city updates its zoning code, subdivision code, and roadway standards. A map of road classifications has also been provided to show further details of the Laurel road network and other major streets and roadways in the city. ]Federal Interstate-90 passes directly through Laurel.There are currently three off-ramps to access the highway, the most recent of these just completed in 2020 on the city's west end.The interstate has been a source of growth for the city, with many businesses locating in the SE 41h Street District adjacent to the highway. The Montana Department of Transportation recently completed a north-facing on/off-ramp west of Laurel to connect to 191h Avenue West.This additional on/off-ramp is expected to alleviate some access issues and provide new development opportunities. This additional access point is also anticipated to bring new growth opportunities for the area. Planning for this growth and seeking out possible funding sources to extend city services to this area is vital 44 Montana Rail Link operates the rail yard in Laurel.This yard has been active since the late 1800s and is a historic asset to the transportation and economic sectors.The rail yard is a hub for freight and raw materials heading through the area. Despite not being within the city limits,the railroad, CHS refinery, and other industrial properties provide many benefits to the area by providing a healthy job base, revenue to the school district, and lower tax rates for residential and commercial properties. l a " L The railroad is a major asset to the area and hinders transportation in and around the Laurel area.The railroad is not within the Laurel city limits, and as such,the city has little oversight of the activities taking place.The rail yard and its lines split the city into a north and south side with only two north-south connections,the 1st Avenue underpass, and the 5th Avenue crossing.The only other north-south connections are the East Laurel Exit and West Laurel Exit on Intersate-90. 45 � ^ z DANFORD RD Q Montana State Trust Lands z Laurel Municipal Airport W LAURELAIRPORT RD RUDIO RD 2 �P City Limits 212 !!W Surface Water v Z rn V Airport ' 0 J Q Public W z 11, Park , —I U W/ N Golf Course 0 12 ST _ LL - Local Roads W CHEERY HILLS DR 0 MARYLAND LN Y ¢ y Major Street Network Ir }: Laurel DO 9TH ST L. III •'� = Interstate couu.i. ON(tD ' J...........7TH ST .•�- SNPNN Principal Arterial — 6TH ST S ......................moo,........ W DNS Minor Arterial O •_„4T,H ST a III EMP ,ail// O Collector � W MAIN ST RAILROAD ST -` Future Street Network Ur Interstate — 4TH ST -• Principal Arterial o J Minor Arterial o W i Collector 0 31• Local a a FRANK RD a d D -- J Map Prepared by KLJ 310 LL ��� June 2020 usn n Land and O Management 0 0.5 1 Miles z �o°� 212 i" 400�5 1 U MAJOR STREET NETWORK Laurel Road Classifications, 2020 46 Roadway Classifications ❖ Interstate Highway (Principal Arterial) o Primary through travel route o Longest trip length o Highest trip speed ❖ Principal Arterial o Serves major activity centers and includes corridors with the highest traffic volumes and the city's longest trip length. o Provides the highest level of mobility, at the highest speed, for long uninterrupted travel. ❖ Minor Arterial o Interconnects principal urban arterials o Provides continuity for rural arterials that intercept urban boundaries Collector o Designed for travel at lower speeds and shorter distances. o Collectors are typically two-lane roads that collect and distribute traffic from the arterial system. o Collector roads penetrate residential communities, distributing traffic from the arterials o Urban collectors also channel traffic from local roads onto the arterial system. o Serves both land access and traffic circulation in higher density residential and commercial/industrial areas ❖ Local o Largest element in the American public road network in terms of mileage. o Local roads provide basic access between residential and commercial properties, connecting with higher-order roadways. o Provides access to adjacent land o Short distance trips Public Transportativ, Laurel Transit was established in 2010 through grant funding from the State of Montana to provide transportation services to the elderly and disabled % population in the Laurel area. Laurel Transit LAty�EL�RaN51t currently provides on-demand transportation services within Laurel, its surrounding area, andWW r scheduled service to Billings. Laurel Transit operates Monday-Friday, 10:00 am—4:00 pm.The Billings scheduled service route begins at 7:30 am. Laurel Transit has connected with local and regional agencies whenever possible to expand its services. Discussions have previously taken place around the viability of a fixed route system for the city of Laurel.These servuces are currently not feasible but future growth and development in Laurel could also necessitate better in-town transit connections or a commuter route to Billings. c,.7 Many state and federal funding sources exist for transportation projects that impact: ❖ Road Safety ❖ Alternative Transportation ❖ Improved Mobility Economic Development ❖ Job Creation and Retention Federal Agencies with available grants include: ❖ Federal Highways Administration ❖ U.S. Department of Transportation ❖ Federal Transit Administration ❖ U.S. Department of Agriculture ❖ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency The three overarching transportation goals with objectives and strategies are as follows: Goal 1: Preserve, Maintain, and Improve the Existing Transportation System ❖ Update the Long-Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) ❖ Establish a systematic approach for the maintenance and repair of the road network. ❖ Develop a Capital Improvement Plan to identify and prioritize significant transportation projects ❖ Establish a Road Network Master Plan to ensure street continuity,traffic flow, and neighborhood connectivity, ❖ Promote fiscal responsibility and high return on investment ❖ Coordinate roadway improvement projects to coincide with underground infrastructure improvements Goal 2: Improve the Mobility, Safety, and Accessibility for all users and modes of travel ❖ Implement bicycle and pedestrian improvements and traffic calming measures to transform the downtown area into a pedestrian-friendly place ❖ Create a looping bicycle/pedestrian trail and street system that connects different areas of Laurel ❖ Adopt pedestrian and multi-modal friendly transportation standards and safety measures ❖ Explore options to improve and expand the Laurel Transit program and strategies to create other multi-modal transportation connections. ❖ Partner with local, regional, and statewide groups to further integrate Laurel into the more comprehensive passenger transportation network Goal 3: Connect Transportation Decisions with Land-Use Decisions ❖ Integrate land-use planning and transportation planning to manage better and develop the transportation network. ❖ Utilize transportation projects to encourage intensive development patterns along significant routes and existing areas of the City. ❖ Adopt and implement consistent system policies and maintenance standards ❖ Ensure the development of a sustainable transportation system that minimizes environmental impacts 48 CHAPTER 11: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Laurel has two traditional industries that have been the community economic pillars; the railroad and oil refining.These two economic sectors play a significant role in the economy. Still,they have been joined by many other services and businesses that diversify economic opportunity to include retail, education, healthcare, and finance. Laurel has seen a decline in downtown and local businesses as Billings has become more accessible, and online shopping and delivery become more readily used. Large and small communities have been forced to compete more and more for businesses,workers, and growth opportunities in an increasingly connected global economy. It will take significant effort to develop Laurel as a community with a self-contained business ecosystem where local businesses and entrepreneurs and larger statewide and national establishments can thrive. Laurel's proximity to Billings is a smaller scale example of how different factors impact the local community economy. Laurel has been considered a bedroom community to Billings due to its proximity and number of Laurel residents who commute into Billings. It has also become easier for Laurel residents to travel to Billings for food, shopping, and other services. If it were in any other county in Montana, Laurel would be the center of economic development and business activities. Laurel can still become a community where small businesses thrive, the downtown is healthy, and entrepreneurs take the risk to open a business even with its proximity to Billings. Creating a more attractive and active business community is not an impossible task. Goals have been established to help develop Laurel independently while keeping it connected with Yellowstone County and the Billings area. Studying and adopting policies to develop downtown Laurel into a destination to live, work, and play can help breathe new life into the community. Focusing on resilient economic growth activities will create both new activity and sustainable, long term economic stability. Increasing Laurel's collaboration and communication with area groups can help connect stakeholders to business funding supports, employment, and training opportunities that would otherwise not be available. Growth is anticipated on the west side of Laurel. It is essential to plan for this growth by studying options for new commercial and industrial properties in priority areas. 49 The L,r - Workers in Laurel are employed in a wide array of industries.The following chart presents a visual representation of the different industries and their percentage in those workforces. A diverse employment base helps to ensure a stable and resilient economy. Improving the City's core sectors while opening up new growth opportunities is an important objective to help keep the local economy healthy. Several major industries are located directly outside the city limits that have a large impact on the community.These include the MRL railyard and the CHS refinery.These two industries provide many jobs to Laurel residents and those residing within the Laurel planning jurisdiction.These anchor industries provide livelihoods to many Laurel area residents and support other industries and businesses in the Laurel planning areal. It will be essential to maintain good relationships with MRL and CHS to coordinate growth efforts and adequately develop the Laurel area. Laurel Employment By Industry Professional,Scientific,and Mangement,and Administrative and waste management services, Arts,Entertainment,and Retail Trade,16.81% Recreation,and Accomoclation and Food Other Services, Transportation Agriculture,Services, 13.74% except public and administration, Warehousing, Wholesale 6.49% and Utilities, Trade, Insurance,and Real and Hunting, Education Services,and Healthcare Estate and rental and Mining, and Social Assistance,14.86% and leasing, :0 (2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates) Various groups are active in the economic development field in the Laurel and Yellowstone County area. Big Sky Economic Development and Beartooth Resource Conservation & Development serve the Laurel community and have services available for businesses and residents. 50 These agencies can help leverage funding and access to different state and federal programs to support local economic development efforts. Laurel Chamber of Commerce The Laurel Chamber of Commerce .i; provides services to foster a healthy business climate in the Laurel area for - business owners, employees, and - -- - customers.The Chamber supports and ■- hosts many community events, including �.LAUREL` farmer's markets, the July 4"Celebration, MEMIUKI and the Christmas Stroll.The Chamber has also developed relationships with local - organizations and businesses to create a better business climate, a thriving - downtown, and improve the community. Big Sky Economic Development Agency The official mission statement of Big Sky Economic Development is "... to sustain and grow our region's vibrant economy and outstanding quality of life, by providing leadership and resources for business creation, expansion, retention, new business recruitment, and community development." Big Sky Economic Development Agency(BSEDA) is the South-Central Montana region's certified economic development authority. BSEDA directly serves a nine-county region, including Petroleum, Wheatland, Golden Valley, Musselshell, Sweetgrass, Stillwater,Yellowstone, Carbon, and Big Horn counties. BSEDA provides services and support for small business development, community development initiatives,federal procurement assistance, tax increment financing assistance, workforce development,veterans business assistance, and business financing. The City of Laurel Planning Director is currently the Ex-Officio representative for the City of Laurel on BSEDA's Board of directors.The Ex-Officio member represents the interests of the City on the Board and communicates the position of the City to BSEDA's staff and partners. Beartooth Resource Conservation & Development Beartooth Resource Conservation & Development, or Beartooth RC&D, began in 1969 as a partnership between the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service and Carbon and Stillwater Counties to serve that area. Beartooth is now an officially designated Economic Development District and has expanded its support to Sweet Grass, Yellowstone, and Big Horn Counties. Beartooth RC&D provides technical assistance and community development services to groups in the South-Central Montana region. The overall mission of Beartooth RC&D is to improve local economic and social conditions by focusing on the conservation, utilization, and development of the natural and human resources of the region.The City has begun regular conversations with Beartooth RC&D to coordinate local economic development efforts and be notified of ongoing work in the region. Keeping communication channels open and collaborating on projects will help support Laurel's economic development and the surrounding area. 51 Economic Development Objectives and Policies and Strategies Four main goals and related objectives have been established that focus on Economic Development and are as follows: Goal 1: Develop downtown Laurel as a destination to live, work, and play ❖ Institute placemaking projects to further enhance district character ❖ Increase live-work opportunities for current and future residents and businesses ❖ Apply TIF funding to beautification, blight removal, and public improvement projects ❖ Identify and find solutions for unused or underused parcels as candidates for development Goal 2: Create a resilient local economy ❖ Strengthen core businesses and industries through communication and connections with technical support ❖ Ensure that local economic activities are inclusive and accessible to all stakeholders ❖ Implement policies that create stable and sustainable economic growth ❖ Work to highlight the shared benefits of working together as a community with local businesses stakeholders, and developers ❖ Provide an economic ecosystem that allows for a wide array of businesses, industries, and developments to thrive ❖ Study and implement policies to enhance local business demand and alternative strategies for value creation for the community Goal 3: Collaborate with area organizations to support economic growth and local employment and training opportunities ❖ Communicate with local groups to determine any needs and assistance ❖ Create partnerships with local and regional groups to fill local service gaps and create needed programming ❖ Take part in events and workshops to support local business initiatives and activities ❖ Establish common ground with local and regional groups to provide resources and assistance ❖ Connect residents and businesses with like-minded economic,financial, and entrepreneurship resources and opportunities Goal 4: Study options for new commercial and industrial properties in anticipated high- growth areas ❖ Create a Corridor Master Plan for growth in and around the intersection with Old Route 10 and the West Laurel Interchange ❖ Study options and determine priorities for the possible establishment of Tax Increment Financing Districts (TIFs) and Targeted Economic Development Districts (TEDDs) ❖ Review and pursue opportunities for clustered commercial or industrial parks ❖ Develop funding strategies to provide services for priority growth areas. 52 CHAPTER 12: PUBLIC SERVICES AND FACILITIES Overview Municipalities provide numerous public services to their residents, businesses, and institutions. Effective public services are vital for a community to thrive. Public services include fire departments, police departments, parks and recreation programs, libraries, emergency medical services, and water and sewer utility systems. Public officials need to take a lead role by planning and implementing expansions and improvements of public services that maintain and improve their community's quality of life. This chapter presents the array of public services operated by the City of Laurel and provides goals and objectives to improve and expand those services to help the community better.A proactive approach to public services can also lead to many benefits as newly established or upgraded services can incentivize new development and growth. Effective public services show prospective residents, business owners, and developers that the municipality is working to provide stable services while addressing future service needs. 41.a a Laurel City Hall is located at 110 West 1st Street.The City Hall contains offices for the City Clerk- Treasurer, Water Department, Planning Department, and the Public Works Department. The City Hall also contains the City Council Chambers, the Office of the Mayor, City Court, and related administrative archives. The Laurel Police Department is a full-service department serving the community twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week.The City of Laurel currently has 14 sworn officers employed by the City. Services include patrolling for criminal activities and traffic violations, accident investigation, and misdemeanor and felony crime investigation.The Department's service area is within Laurel's municipal boundaries unless responding as backup to another law enforcement agency in the surrounding area.The Laurel 53 Police Department works with the Eastern Montana Drug Task Force, (EMDTF)assists the Yellowstone County Sherriff on calls near Laurel, and works closely with the Montana Highway Patrol. The City of Laurel ensures that its officers are appropriately certified and trained above and beyond the state requirements. Officers must pass a twelve-week introductory police officer course at the Montana Law Enforcement Academy in the state capital of Helena. Furthermore, communication officers must also attend and pass a one-week course for their additional responsibilities.The Laurel Police Department also hosts its introductory reserve course annually for reserve officers. The Laurel Police Department is currently located in the Fire- Ambulance-Police Building(FAP building). The facility is shared with the Fire Department and Ambulance service.The facility was built in 1976 and has seen several additions and renovations over time.The FAP Building is aging and lacks many facilities that the departments _' require.The Police Station lacks sufficient office space for its officers, a breakroom, separate locker room facilities for male and female officers, and the radio room lacks adequate fire control due to the space required for department servers.This space also lacks secure vehicle and equipment storage areas. It is essential that the city seek out funding options to improve, expand, and construct new facilities for the Police Department. The Department is in need of a new facility. Planning should focus on construction of a new Police Station to the West of the City to follow anticipated growth trends.This location is also a security requirement for the Department. A westward location would be upwind from the Railroad lines and Refinery complex which would be secure in the face of any major ecological, chemical, or radiological crisis that might originate at these industrial and shipment points. Major elements for a future Police Station include: ❖ DUI Processing Rooms (secure with camera system) ❖ Video Security system (specifically for animal storage, inventory, and evidence) ❖ Separate Locker Rooms with bathing facilities and adequate locker space ❖ Full kitchen/breakroom area ❖ Secure and reinforced lobby area and front desk with audio system ❖ Evidence storage rooms with processing rooms and secure lockers ❖ Storage bays for larger amounts of evidence and vehicles ❖ Secure weapons room for ammunition, weaponry, and cleaning supplies ❖ Vehicle Storage area for Police vehicles and equipment under cover and secured. ❖ Conference room for meetings, presentations, press conferences, and trainings Department leadership has identified certain staffing needs for the department as Laurel grows. The department needs a second Lieutenant position and a possible Captain position.These command positions would provide more effective leadership for the patrol officers.The Department also plans to add a Parking&Animal Control position in the near future.The department also needs additional civilian positions filled including an additional dispatcher, and an evidence technician and executive assistant to help with day to day duties. 54 The current policies and procedures for the Department date to 2014 and have not been updated due to a lack of manpower and lack of time. Department leadership has identified the program Lexipol as a vital digital resource that will help to keep the department's policies and procedures up to date. The Department plans to contract with Lexipol to assist with updating policies,training, and overall helping to keep law enforcement agencies current. Laurel Volunteer Fire Department The Laurel Volunteer Fire Department (LVFD) has served the City of Laurel and the surrounding area since its inception in 1909.The Mission statement of the Laurel Volunteer Fire Department is: "Laurel Fire Department is committed to serving the City of Laurel, its residents,the surrounding fire districts, and the visitors to our City for any of their emergency fire rescue needs. We will do this through strong dedication and n , commitment to our community with a long tradition guiding us to 1 �` �• what is important." The LVFD provides full-service fire response service to the City of Laurel, Laurel Airport Authority, Yellowstone Treatment Center, Laurel Urban Fire Service Area, and Fire Districts 5, 7, and 8.These services include structure fires, wildland fires,vehicle fires, industrial hazards, water, ice rescue,vehicle extractions, Hazmat situations, " rope rescue, and public service calls. It has been recognized that the LVFD needs to adapt to the changing nature of fire services. It will be essential to improve the delivery of high-quality services to the community by planning and implementing new policies.The LVFD has begun the development of a "Fire Services Business and Work Plan"that presents information about the Department as well as goals and objectives to improve and expand fire services. Goals presented in the Draft Work Plan include: ❖ Finance—Develop avenues of revenue to offset costs for manpower, operations, and equipment replacement ❖ Equipment replacement—Develop a schedule for equipment replacement Education—Communicate with city officials on the beneficial aspects of the current LVFD structure ❖ Training—Continue and expand training to evolve with ever-changing fire services ❖ Communications—Develop communication lines between various groups at Department, local, county, and state levels. ❖ Performance Management—Evaluate Department on skills and abilities for career advancement and adjustments to training needs ❖ Construction of a New Fire Station—A new station will be necessary to meet a growing community's needs. Firefighters in Montana are required to complete a minimum of thirty training hours per year. Many of the members of the LVFD regularly complete over 100 hours of training hours per year. Members of the LVFD are allowed to travel to specialized schools and training sessions to learn new information and share it with their fellow firefighters in the Department. 5S The LVFD is actively involved in the community through events and has held annual events such as Fire Prevention Weeks and Safety Days.The LVFD also manages the fireworks display for the 41h of July celebration.The Laurel 41h of July celebration is well-known throughout the state and brings awareness of the work of the LVFD. The LVFD is currently set at 45 members to meet current community needs.The Department undertook a reorganization in 2010 to better coordinate efforts.This reorganization allowed the Department to meet any partially paid staff requirements for a department if the City of Laurel met the requirements for a Second-Class city of 7,500 residents or more.The Laurel Volunteer Fire Department has a mutual aid agreement with Yellowstone County Fire Services. As previously noted, the Department is in the Fire-Ambulance-Police Building (FAP building).This facility has three full bays and an extra half bay for equipment.The LVFD also has access to equipment bays at the Laurel City shops as necessary. It is anticipated that an expansion of the FAP building or the construction of a new facility will be necessary to cover the Laurel community's fire service needs long- term adequately. Ambulance Service The primary mission of the City of Laurel Ambulance Service (LAS) is to provide quality pre-hospital emergency medical services and transportation to medical facilities promptly and safely to those residing, visiting, or traveling through the Laurel service area.The Department is a hybrid model, with certain full-time positions and additional volunteers.The Department has a full-time director and five full-time Emergency Medical Technicians(EMTs). LAS staff are trained to provide at least a minimum of Basic Life Support (BLS) assistance.They also have the necessary endorsements from the state to provide other advanced services. As previously noted, the LAS is located at the Fire-Ambulance-Police building.The FAP building has space for three ambulances, restrooms, a crew lounge, offices, a small kitchen, and storage rooms. The building also has a community meeting room attached.The City needs to consider options for upgrades, expansions, or new facility locations to improve emergency services. The Laurel School District serves the City of Laurel and the surrounding area.The District instructs 2,100 students in total.The District maintains instructional levels from Kindergarten through twelfth grade (K- 12).The grades are grouped as follows: ❖ Kindergarten through 4th grade— Elementary School ❖ Grades 5 through 8— Middle School ❖ Grades 9 through 12—High School The Laurel School District currently operates five school buildings that include: ❖ Laurel High School ❖ Laurel Middle School ❖ Fred W. Graff Elementary ❖ South Elementary West Elementary 56 The Laurel School District's Mission is: "Dedicated to the individual development of each student, every day, without exception." Students are assigned to a classroom or group depending on what will best serve that student. Considerations are made for class size, peer relations, student/teacher relations, and teaching instructional style.The School District also has administrative offices located at the old Laurel Middle School at 410 Colorado Avenue. The Goals of the Laurel School District are: ❖ To deliver a quality educational program that promotes both academic success and the overall development of every student. ❖ To meet the needs and skill level of each student. ❖ To promote high student expectations,the importance of lifelong learning and creative/critical thinking. ❖ To provide the students with a strong desire to learn. ❖ To foster self-discovery, self-awareness, and self-discipline. ❖ To develop an awareness of and appreciation for cultural diversity. ❖ To stimulate intellectual curiosity and growth. ❖ To provide fundamental career concepts and skills. ❖ To help the student develop sensitivity to others' needs and values and respect for individual and group differences. ❖ To be free of any sexual, cultural, ethnic, or religious bias. The District previously established goals for District growth in a 10-15 Year Master Facility Plan.This plan included developing a new facility for grades 3 through 5 and a transportation facility,the remodeling of existing schools, relocating administrative offices, selling aging district-owned structures, and addressing inadequate learning environments in certain facilities.The District developed these goals to grow with the community and adapt when necessary and will be updating their Master Facility Plan in 2021. Public Library The Laurel Public Library was created in 1916 via ordinance and opened to the public on July 18, 1918. The Library was first established at 115 West VY Street, the site of the current City Hall.The Library relocated to its current facility at 720 West 3'd Street in 1989 after fundraising by volunteers, and the Library Board allowed for the move.The Laurel Public Library serves the citizens that reside within the city limits. Yellowstone County residents are served without cost. Stillwater and Carbon County residents can also apply for and receive a library card.The Library's mission is to provide a "place where community members can grow,teach, and interact in mutual benefit with others." The current library facility is approximately 6,000 square feet and contains four wings.The Library's clients'general needs are met by the current building, but improvements have been discussed. The Library could be improved by expanding the building to include a storage room, meeting rooms, and small study rooms.The needs of library clients have been growing, and the Library will need to grow with them. The Library does not have any specific sharing agreements with the Parmly Library in Billings or other regional libraries.The Library is currently part of the Montana Shared Library Catalog Consortia by agreeing with the Montana State Library.This consortium comprises more than 140 libraries across the state consisting of public, academic, and particular library types. 57 Effective and efficient public services are a necessity for existing and prospective residents, developers, and businesses.Above all, public facilities and services must be accessible, helpful, and dependable for everyone residing, working, and visiting the City. City staff should identify the current gaps and projected needs of public facilities as the City grows. It is vital to work with public stakeholders and departments to ensure input and projects positively impact the whole population. Providing consistent and stable service delivery is paramount. Goal 1: Provide consistent and high-quality public services to the community ❖ Develop standard operating procedures to ensure consistency for city departments ❖ Develop maintenance procedures for parks,facilities, and public areas. ❖ Study current facilities and services to identify gaps and determine projected needs in services Goal 2: Respond to the changing nature of the community ❖ Plan for the expansion of public facilities in priority growth areas ❖ Invest in public facilities that are accessible to everyone in the community ❖ Study how to improve city services to boost the quality of life for residents, businesses, and institutions Goal 3: Work with city departments and local stakeholders to determine the priority expansion of public facilities and services ❖ Open lines of communication between city departments and local stakeholders to gather input on major projects ❖ Consider the public service requirements of large-scale projects before their approval and implementation ❖ Develop plans for the expansion of Fire, Police, and EMS facilities 58 CHAPTER 13: RECREATION PLAN Overview Access to recreational opportunities and parkland is a critical component of quality of life for communities, especially Montana communities.The parks and public areas owned and maintained by the City of Laurel are assets to local and area residents. Access to walking, biking, hiking, and other local amenities help boost residents' and visitors' quality of life. Many cities and towns have begun establishing greenways and trails to connect parks and open spaces with local neighborhoods. Incorporating these into Laurel planning and development strategies can help enhance livability and help residents be healthier and more active. The City should consider developing a vision for the Laurel parks system that would establish priorities for park funding and placement - --- - of parks that would be most useful for residents. Creating a connected park and trail system would enable residents to enjoy more parts �� µ of Laurel and the surrounding E € ;1 area. Many of Laurel's parks are very small, with some _ _ _ "`" located at less than ideal or fully accessible locations. Parkland must be a fully useable amenity for residents. Parks should be developed and improved to act as neighborhood focal points.The City should also study underutilized or burdensome parkland parcels and consider reuse scenarios. Repurposing vacant or underused land as parks and trails can create many added benefits for a community. Downtown Laurel currently has large areas of vacant land owned by the BNSF Railroad and leased by MRL. Studying options for low impact reuse of this land as parkland or greenways could enliven downtown by activating the south side of Main Street, creating more opportunities for residents to spend time downtown, and creating more public space for events or gatherings. Riverside Park has been a staple of the community for almost one hundred years.The Riverside Park Master Plan was developed in 2018 to provide a blueprint for improvements and the park's use. It will be essential to continue the ongoing improvement efforts detailed in that plan and develop policies to attract Yellowstone County and beyond. Riverside Park should be maintained as a historical, recreational, and economic asset in the future. 59 There are many public parks throughout the City of Laurel. Some of the larger, more established parks are listed below.There are also many smaller unnamed parks throughout the city. ❖ Thomson Park ❖ Russell Park Nutting Park ❖ Kiwanis Park ❖ Murray Park ❖ South Pond ❖ Riverside Park ❖ Lions Park ❖ MT State Firefighters Memorial Park The Public Works Department is responsible for maintaining and improving park facilities. Public Works provides staff time and funding toward the upkeep of park facilities. The City of Laurel Park Board comprises volunteers who provide oversight and input on park operations, maintenance, and activities. Riverside Park is an essential historic asset for the city, the region, and Montana. Many private and public groups are active in this park's historic preservation, including the Yellowstone Historic Preservation Board that helps to support preservation and improvement efforts in Riverside Park. Community sponsored events are an effective way to get residents outside, engaged with nature, and connected to their community. Laurel has a history of hosting popular events that get people outside and active. City staff and local stakeholders should continue to work together to promote outdoor events to encourage people to be more active in the community. Laurel hosts several events throughout the year.The July 4th festivities include the Chief Joseph Run, pancake breakfast, parade, and fireworks celebration. Laurel also hosts an annual Christmas tree lighting event downtown,farmer's markets, and other seasonal events throughout the year. The city's parks are a focal point for residents and visitors.They represent an important asset that makes Laurel a better place to live. City staff should partner with local groups to support community events and create more opportunities for recreational activities and outdoor enjoyment in the city's neighborhood parks. Goal 1: Develop parkland as an essential and enjoyable amenity for residents ❖ Ensure new developments have appropriate park space for recreation and general use ❖ Study how existing parks can be improved through new facilities, changed layouts, or additions ❖ Review current park infrastructure and determine if improvements are necessary to serve the needs of the surrounding area better 60 Goal 2: Promote Riverside Park as a vital historic, civic, and recreation resource for residents and visitors ❖ Adhere to the projects and strategies presented in the 2018 Riverside Park Master Plan ❖ Seek grant funding for structural and site improvements ❖ Develop historic markers for Riverside Park and its historic structures ❖ Study options for connecting Riverside Park to the city proper through infrastructure improvements, civic engagement, or other means ❖ Establish signage and marketing for the assets and resources of Riverside Park to area residents and visitors Goal 3: Create an interconnected system of parks, greenspace, and trails that are accessible to all ❖ Create a city-wide Park System Master Plan to develop project priorities ❖ Consider the creation of a City Parks Department to oversee park operations and maintenance ❖ Identify unused land that can be transformed into green space or trails for use by the public ❖ Update the zoning and development codes to encourage the creation of bicycle and pedestrian trail corridors 61 CHAPTER 14: NATURAL RESOURCES Overview The Laurel planning jurisdiction contains a variety of terrains and environments.The city itself is urbanized and is surrounded by several residential subdivisions.A variety of farmland, grazing land, riverine areas, and wetlands surround the city and make up much of the planning area. Laurel's natural features pose unique opportunities and challenges that should be considered when planning for growth. The natural environment should be preserved and enhanced to balance environmental sustainability with economic growth, recreational opportunities, and development. Natural resources and the natural environment can be balanced with growth activities to provide social, economic, and community benefits to people over time while continuing their natural functions.The proximity to natural areas such as parks,trails, and other open spaces is an essential variable for many people as they choose where to live and work. - 1 W The Laurel area is an interconnected network of land and water resources that contribute to the community's health, economic well-being, and quality of life.This network of natural resources requires investment and maintenance,just like roads and utility systems. Creating a balance of conservation, management, and growth can reward a community with excellent benefits, including increased quality of life, longer-lasting infrastructure, and improved property values. %ji edndwater Resources Groundwater quality and quantity will become a growing concern as Laurel and the surrounding area develops. Traditional modes of living will shift because of groundwater issues.The direct impact of development in the area will be a reduction of groundwater recharge capacity. Groundwater recharge has averaged 8.2 inches per year but depends on the specific land use and soil type.The planning area contains relatively thin alluvial gravel deposits of groundwater.The average saturated thickness of local aquifers is fifteen feet,with the thinnest saturated zones occurring along cliffs and bluffs and the Yellowstone River's channel. 62 Rivers, Streams, and Lakes It is important to recognize the Yellowstone River as a critical asset to Laurel.The Yellowstone River provides a stable water source for the city and recreational opportunities and riverine wildlife habitat. Maintaining the Yellowstone River as a resource is a complex job that includes managing the river ecosystem, monitoring historic water rights, and considering the local community's needs for economic and residential uses. There are also many year-round and seasonal drainage and irrigation ditches that carry water through the city.These ditches include the Nutting Drain Ditch, Big Ditch, High Ditch, and Cove Ditch. Flooding is known to occur _ _ intermittently near the ditches. High water levels on properties near the ditches are a concern for — .. property owners seeking to develop their property. Floodplains A floodplain is an area of land adjacent to a stream, river, or other water sources that stretches from the banks or boundaries of its channel to the base of higher elevation terrain that experiences flooding during high discharge rainfall periods. Floodplains are natural drainage basins for the discharge of heavy precipitation.The Yellowstone River exhibits vast floodplains and variations in flow due to terrain. Flow rates are dependent upon the season and the amount of rain and snowmelt. Flows are usually at their highest during the spring months and into early summer. The Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA) utilizes the 100-year floodplain boundaries as the standard measurement for floodplain regulation.The 100-year floodplain is the area that has a one percent chance of flooding each year from a specific water source.The federal government expects municipalities and counties to take a proactive approach to flood damage prevention. Laurel has had an established Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) since 1982.This map was most recently updated in November of 2013. Most of the Laurel planning area is outside the 100-year floodplain.The areas within the 100-year floodplain include many properties directly abutting the Yellowstone River and its tributaries, some irrigation and stormwater ditches running through the city, and portions of downtown Laurel along Main Street as well as directly adjacent side streets. Laurel's Riverside Park is also within the floodplain. Wetlands Wetlands are ecosystems that are flooded by water permanently or seasonally.Wetlands have unique vegetation, wildlife, and hydric soils. 63 Wetlands near Laurel include riparian areas along the Yellowstone and Clark's Fork Rivers, marshes, spring seeps, and prairie potholes. Wetlands have historically been obstacles and have been removed whenever possible. Much of Laurel and the surrounding area suffers from high groundwater. Close attention must be paid to high groundwater and its impacts on public utilities such as water lines, sewer lines, and stormwater drainage systems. It is vital to understand wetlands and their traditional role in the environment to better plan for growth and development. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) defines prime farmland as land with the best combination of physical and chemical characteristics for producing food, feed,forage,fiber, and oilseed crops.These crops also have the soil quality, growing season, and moisture supply needed to produce economically sustained high crop yields when managed appropriately. Laurel and Yellowstone County have been home to agricultural farms and r t ranches since the beginning of European - - settlement in the area. There a vast amount of agricultural farmland within the Laurel planning jurisdiction itself.The map below presents the varieties of crops in the Laurel planning area. 64 USDA Laurel - Crap Data � Y Land Carver Categories (dY decreasing acreage). r AGRICULTURE* GrasslPasture 11 + # 0 Alfalfa FalkmAdle cropland � fff 99crJL— .. 4 Other HayAdnn alfalfa rf �a JIL 0 WnterWheat EM ! F f+ 3 + 0 Corr, Sprang Wheat + P .'-' u - .j �I Sugariaeets Dr i allows Anew A Beats !� 0 Tr tieale lip . ' Peas Stillwater "� o Safflower -- oafs " ' 0 Flaxseed / ..•-may ,. canola Y- NON-AGRICULTURE** 40M/ r` 0 Shrubland Woody Wetlands x Carbon # 0 Evergreen Forest []eveloped+Low Intensity }4 Ft A y4 I t[r 0 Qevelopedfflpen Space Herbaceous WeBands 0 0.54 1.07 1.87 21.1 ��jll mks .07 _ Prvdaced by CicgrScape-hitp:r''aassgeodata.gz-.edn-''CrepSnpe Top 15 apxmlti categoaes i Tag 5 n -agni dt ue categories listed 6 5 Wildland-Urban Interface and Significant Infrastructure Yellowstone Cnulnty, Montana - CoinVILinity Wildfire Protection Plan Wildland-Urban Interface +I. � t ~ _ Legend oDmrnup ies 1 Streams I �`--. , �,�••.-i:..�,,��...`-�: � Crow Ind ian Resenratoin open Water Yellowstone County _ High density Urban rf very rugs urnan uensiry --n F Moderate-Urban DenaitV Low-Urban Density �^ L WVI: Interface&Intermix rlign Inlerr,'Acg uenrlly r J x Mbderate Interface bensily r Interrniz Nnsity IQ I: try 18 .Q Lktj WUI.Rural Lands(Very Low Density) �--, -J.�„ ,�, Illlllll111111111191111IIIIIIIIilllllllll 66 Wildland-Urban Interface Laurel was part of the planning process for the Community Wildfire Protection Plan in 2006.A Wildland- Urban Interface (WUI) map was prepared as a part of this process.The planning process's goal was to improve fire prevention, reduce hazardous fuels, restore,fire-adapted ecosystems, and promote community assistance. Yellowstone County has a diverse ecosystem with an array of vegetation that has developed with, and adapted to, fire as a natural disturbance. Decades of wildland fire suppression and long-standing land- use practices have altered the plant community.They have resulted in dramatic shifts in the types of fires and local species composition. Rangelands and farmland in Yellowstone County have become more susceptible to large-scale, high-intensity fires that threaten life, property, and natural resources because of these long-term practices. Natural Resource Goals and Objectives Goal 1: Protect Laurel's natural resources and traditional environment ❖ Provide options for landowners for conserving portions of their land while developing others ❖ Achieve a balanced pattern of growth to ensure environmental concerns are considered during the development ❖ Manage the local water resources as a healthy, integrated system that provides long-term benefits from enhanced environmental quality Goal 2: Incorporate sustainable development patterns in the Laurel subdivision and land use codes ❖ Review and update existing zoning and subdivision regulations to ensure environmental preservation and conservation are addressed ❖ Review and update landscaping ordinances as needed to best suit Laurel's natural environment ❖ Manage rivers,floodplains,wetlands, and other water resources for multiple uses, including flood and erosion protection, wildlife habitat, recreational use, open space, and water supply Goal 3: Connect with local, regional, and state agencies and stakeholders to improve the natural environment in and around Laurel ❖ Sponsor environmental cleanup and rehabilitation programs that include the City, school district, community organizations, and residents ❖ Participate in regional watershed studies to achieve adequate long-term flood protection ❖ Explore the possibility of creating a conservation corridor along the Yellowstone River 67 CHAPTER 15: GROWTH POLICY IMPLEMENTATION Overview The 2020 Laurel Growth Policy is a significant upgrade of the existing Growth Management Plan.The previous Growth Management Plan provided very useful information regarding existing community characteristics as well as trends that had future implications for the community, but it did not provide specific recommendations regarding how the community might best address existing and emerging issues. The content of this chapter is critical to compliance with state law and provides necessary details for the Laurel community to be eligible for various funding programs and resources.The chapter is organized into two primary sections as follows: 1. Section 1: Identification of tools available to Montana cities to help implement the growth policy; and 2. Section 2: Fulfills a specific requirement in Montana State Law requiring growth policies to evaluate jurisdictional subdivision regulations in the following three ways: a. Identification of how local government defines various impact assessments as specified in the law b. Addressing how public hearings for proposed subdivisions will be conducted, and c. Addressing how the local government will make decisions with respect to various impact assessments In addition,the second section identifies specific objectives, policies, and strategies for six planning topic areas which are also outlined throughout the Growth Policy text: ❖ Land Use Housing ❖ Infrastructure Economic Development ❖ Public Facilities and Services ❖ Intergovernmental Coordination In some cases,the topic areas identify specific resources and programs that are available to help implement strategies identified for each topic area. Objectives are also listed, and for each identified objective,there are recommended implementation measures.The implementation measures are either recommended policies or strategies. Recommended policies reflect the intent of how a governing body might address a planning topic or issue through policy. Strategies reflect a specific course of action that a governing body might utilize to address a specific planning topic or issue. Implementation Tool- This section identifies several types of Growth Policy implementation tools. Generally,there arefive types of tools at a local government's disposal to help implement a growth policy.They include: ❖ Regulations: Regulations are generally outlined and authorized by Montana Code Annotated (MCA) and adopted into law by local government. 68 ❖ Policies:The Growth Policy and other adopted plans contain policies that express the community's interest in pursuing a course of action on topics and issues. Unlike regulations, local government has discretion in the implementation of policies. ❖ Government Finance:Government finance tools represent the community's financial commitment to fund the implementation of policies and strategies outlined in the Growth Policy. ❖ Education: Educational tools, such as the growth policy itself, include several activities that inform the public, appointed officials and elected officials that facilitate effective decision making. ❖ Coordination:Coordination tools are voluntary measures in the local government or between a local government and other local, state and federal government or agency that result in more efficient and effective delivery of services or a shared response to a common concern. A discussion of each of the types of growth policy implementation tools is provided below.The tools described are not all inclusive but rather are intended to provide examples of tools that are commonly used by communities in Montana. Several of the tools are already being utilized by the City of Laurel. The tools not in use may be considered as additional means to advance the implementation of the Growth Policy. Regulatory Tools Subdivision Regulations MCA requires counties to adopt subdivision regulations that comply with the Montana Subdivision and Platting Act. Subdivision regulations control the creation or modification of the division of land into new parcels or tracts.They also control the design of subdivisions and provide standards for adequate provision of infrastructure without adversely impacting public services and natural resources. The City of Laurel has adopted subdivision regulations that are enforced in the City or on lands proposed for annexation into the City. Subdivision regulations will need to be updated to be consistent with this Growth Policy and must include any amendments made during the 2020 Montana Legislative session. Zoning Regulations Zoning regulations are a common regulatory tool to control land use. One of the primary purposes of zoning regulations is to minimize land use incompatibility. Zoning regulations also establish standards that limit the density or intensity of development as well as other characteristics of development such as off-street parking, signs, lighting, site layout, etc. Zoning regulations are supplements to a zoning map that establishes zoning districts in the jurisdiction.The zoning map provides the means toseparate incompatible land uses and zoning regulations mitigate potential land use incompatibilities atthe boundaries separating different zoning districts. The City of Laurel adopted zoning regulations in 2001. Over the years, several amendments have been made.The city is in the process of reviewing a comprehensive update to the zoning regulations as prepared by their planning consultant. Pursuant to MCA,the City of Laurel can establish extraterritorial zoning jurisdiction up to one mile beyond the city limits if Yellowstone County and the city create the extraterritorial area and provide for joint administration. 69 Design Standards Design standards are most often contained within zoning regulations but can also be established in subdivision regulations.The purpose of design standards is to enhance the appearance and functionality of a development. Overly restrictive design standards can impede development. If properly crafted, design standards can significantly enhance the built environment without placing undue burdens on a developer. Floodplain Regulations Floodplain regulations are intended to regulate the use of land located within an officially designated 100-year floodplain in order to protect buildings and occupants from the risks associated with flooding. Floodplain provisions are contained in the subdivision regulations.Some communities choose to participate in the National Flood Insurance Program Community Rating System (CRS). CRS is a voluntary incentive program that recognizes and encourages community flood plain management activities that exceed the minimum NFIP requirements.Any community in compliance with the minimum requirements of NFIP may participate. Participation in the CRS results in discounted premiums for flood insurance policy holders; between 5 to 45 percent depending on the rating of proposed floodplain management activities, reducing the likelihood or magnitude of damage resulting from a flood. Zoning Compliance Permits Zoning compliance permits ensure that development activities comply with zoning regulations.The City of Laurel requires the issuance of zoning compliance permits for most types of improvements to private property. Building Permits Building permits are utilized to ensure that construction of buildings follows the State of Montana Building Code. Building permits are required for all buildings over two hundred (200) square feet. Most residential building permits are issued by the City Building Inspector but permits for commercial or residential buildings with five or more dwelling units are issued by the State. Policy Tools Neighborhood orArea Plans The Growth Policy can be further implemented by more detailed neighborhood or area plans. With the adoption of the Growth Policy, plans may be prepared that provide a greater level of detail forspecific areas or issues as the City finds need. Annexation Policy A city expands its boundaries and its jurisdictional authority through the process of annexation.There are six different methods for annexation authorized by state statute (Parts 42 through 46 of Title7, Chapter 2, MCA). Part 46 authorizes an annexation resulting from a petition from private property owners. Cities use two tools to facilitate and guide future annexations.The first is a "Limits of Annexation" map that delineates the areas surrounding the city that can be reasonably supported by urban services and infrastructure.The map is prepared in coordination with the preparation of a capital improvements plan. 70 The second is the use of annexation agreements. Entering into an annexation agreement with a property owner prior to the submission of development plans gives a local jurisdiction theopportunity to assign infrastructure and other costs associated with development of the annexed property. Urban Planning Area Urban planning areas are different than Extra Territorial/City-County Planning areas. An Urban Planning Area focuses on extension of infrastructure over a portion of the City-County Planning Jurisdiction and typically for a shorter time horizon than the jurisdictional area associated with the City-County Planning Jurisdiction. Designation of an urban planning area is utilized for the extension of urban services as a jurisdiction grows. It delineates the geographic extent of how far outside the city limits the jurisdiction is prepared to extend urban services within a 10-year planning horizon.This is often accomplished by establishing an urban service area boundary beyond the city limits.The urban service area boundary is established in coordination with planned growth areas identified in the Growth Policy as well asthe city's capital improvement plan.This tool helps a city plan for future growth outside the city limits and puts property owners outside the city limits on notice of what areas will and will not be supported by the extension of urban services. Urban Renewal Districts The establishment of urban renewal districts facilitates redevelopment of specifically selected areas in the city.Title 7, Chapter 15, Part 42 of the MCA gives municipalities authority to establish urban renewal districts in areas that meet the statutory definition of"blighted" areas and authorizes the municipality to expend funds in the area to stimulate private investment. Tax increment finance (TIF) districts are often used to recapture the city's expenditure of funds for public improvements in the redevelopment area.TIF districts use the incremental increase in tax collections as blighted areas are redeveloped or other improvements are made to properties within the district. It is this increment that is used to retire debt to install the additional or new capital infrastructure. Municipalities are required to prepare and adopt an urban renewal plan prior to establishing an urban renewal district. For more information see the TIF Section under Government Finance Tools. Government Finance Tools Capital Improvement Programs City and county governments often program capital improvements on an annual basis. This is a reasonable practice for communities experiencing minimal or no growth activity. However, the use of a multi-year capital improvement program is an important tool to plan for public expenditures when communities are experiencing or anticipating high levels of growth. In such cases, a local government may establish a five-year capital improvement program. As noted above, a multi-yearcapital improvement program can support the establishment of urban service areas and facilitate negotiation of an annexation agreement. Fee Incentives The reduction or full waiver of municipal fees can be utilized to support implementation of specific growth policy goals and objectives. Often the financial incentive is used to support affordable housing or redevelopment projects.The tool can also be used to support specific economic development policy. 71 Impact Fees An impact fee is a charge on development assessed at the building permit or zoning compliance permit stage of a project to assist the funding of new or expanded facilities that are needed to accommodate the development. Impact fees are used by communities anticipating or experiencing high levels of growth and are intended to maintain existing or minimum levels of service with minimal costs toexisting property owners. Impact fees can be assessed for a wide range of community services including but not limited to public safety(EMS, police and fire), public works (sewer, water,transportation and drainage facilities), recreation, libraries, etc. Citizens who are assessed impact fees need to receive benefit from impactfee expenditures within a reasonable period, which most often is five years. Local Government Owned Land Land that is owned by local government, including school districts, is a valuable resource that can be used to implement growth policy goals and objectives. Undeveloped public land may be used to financially leverage private development that meets a community's high demand need. By reducingor eliminating land acquisition costs the jurisdiction provides a significant financial incentive tofacilitate development that supports the implementation of land use, housing or economic development policy. When this implementation tool is used the local government should consider entering into a development agreement to ensure the developer provides the desired outcome. Tax Increment Financing(TIF) Tax Increment Financing (TIF) was first authorized by the Montana legislature in 1974. It is a locally- driven funding mechanism that allows cities and counties to direct property tax dollars that accrue from new development, within a specifically designed district,to community and economic development activities within that district. It is intended as a tool that can encourage and support investment in areas where growth has been hindered by a lack of infrastructure and/or the presence of blight. TIF does not increase property taxes for individuals and businesses located within a designated district. It only affects the way that taxes are distributed after they have been collected.A base taxable value is determined upon the establishment of a TIF district, and any additional tax revenue thataccrues due to new development over a specified time frame is used to finance a variety of district improvements. Eligible improvement activities include: ❖ Land acquisition ❖ Rehabilitation and renovation ❖ Demolition and removal of structures ❖ Planning, marketing, and analysis ❖ General redevelopment activities ❖ Constructing, improving, and connecting to infrastructure Education Tools Planning Studies and Data Collection The Growth Policy provides significant information and data on the community's various characteristics. It also provides an extensive list of policies and strategies to implement growth policy objectives. In most cases the information and data contained in the growth policy will be enoughto justify and implement the policies and strategies. 72 However,there may be cases where the community will need to conduct more detailed follow-up planning studies and collect additional information to support an implementation activity. Establishing impact fees or urban renewal districts are examples of implementation measures requiring additional study. As discussed below,ongoing collection of data will support Growth Policy monitoring. Growth Policy Monitoring The recommended policies and strategies contained in the Growth Policy are based on an assessmentof current information and data. Policies and strategies remain relevant so long as conditions in the community are aligned with current trends. However, unanticipated circumstances or opportunities are likely to arise that will warrant a re-evaluation of policies or strategies whetherthey have been implemented or not.To support a re-evaluation of policies or strategies, data that is applicable to planning topics should be collected and reported on an annual basis.This data will, in effect, provide community indicator information allowing the community to identify the emergence of new trends. It is recommended that the City consider preparation of an annual community indicator report that can be used to support an evaluation of the level of success in achieving community goals and objectives, and an assessment of the need to implement or revise selected policies and strategies contained inthe Growth Policy. Annual community Indicator reports also provide valuation information that can be used in the next update of the Growth Policy.The reports can also be used to justify need when requests for outside funding are made. Community indicator reports should provide information that can be compared to information contained in the Growth Policy, so change can be measured.Annual community indicator reportsshould include, but are not limited to an assessment and review of the following information: ❖ Building permits for new housing ❖ Volume of sales of residential property(Laurel Real Estate MLS Service) ❖ Crime statistics (Laurel Police Department) ❖ Client caseloads for senior citizen programs (Yellowstone County Council on Aging) ❖ Number and type of new or expanded businesses ❖ Number and type of new jobs created (Montana Department of Labor and Industry) ❖ Tax revenue ❖ School enrollment ❖ Levels of participation in recreational programs ❖ Remaining capacity of sewer treatment facilities ❖ Remaining capacity of the landfill ❖ Updated population projections prepared by the Montana Department of Commerce ❖ Annual departmental budget reports/requests ❖ Medical Facility programming/services Coordination Tools Intra-Governmental Coordination The functions of local government are logically divided into departments.The departmentalization of local government services tends to discourage the sharing of information and coordination between departments. Too often synthesizing information from the various departments to get a holistic viewof the community is solely the responsibility of the elected officials and most often occurs during preparation of annual budgets. It is recommended that Laurel consider the timely sharing of department reports with staff members responsible for overseeing implementation of the Growth Policy. 73 In addition,the City might consider assigning individual departments the task of implementing or evaluating the need to implement recommended policies and strategies that most clearly impact those individual departments.This is an excellent way to spread ownership of the Growth Policy.Annual department reports can provide information on the status of recommended implementation activities. The City might consider including a Growth Policy Implementation section into each department budget, to institutionalize the community's commitment to Growth Policy implementation. Intra-governmental coordination is also an effective tool to more efficiently deliver services. When leaders of each department meet periodically to share information and service delivery challenges, there is more opportunity to enhance coordination between departments and identify ways that staff, equipment and other departmental resources might be shared to mitigate service delivery challenges. Inter-Governmental Coordination The same principles discussed in the previous section apply to coordination between local governments and between local governments and regional, tribal, state and federal agencies. Inter-governmental coordination provides an opportunity to regularly share information about plans and programs and enhance working relationships. The City might consider establishing a semi-annual meeting schedule with regional,state and federal agencies and a quarterly meeting schedule for local governments within the county.Individual County Commissioners and City Council members can be designated as the liaison for each agency and/or local government.The intangible benefits of this coordination are often the maintaining of open lines of communication and a greater mutual understanding of the perspectives and needs of the larger region and state. Evaluation of Yellowstone County/Laurel Subdivision Regulations An evaluation of the administration and standards contained in the Laurel Subdivision Regulations is required as part of the Growth Policy.There are three items that need to be evaluated per Title76, Chapter 1, Part 6, 76-1-601(3)(h),MCA. 1). 1. How local government defines the various impacts assessments as specified in 76-3-608(3)(a), 2. How local government makes decisions with respect to the impact assessments as made, and 3. How public hearings for proposed subdivisions are conducted. Impact Assessments:Definitions and Evaluation Factors Local government subdivision regulations are required to review proposed subdivisions in accordance with the following criteria provided in 76-3-608(3)(a): ❖ The effect on agriculture ❖ The effect on agricultural water user's facilities ❖ The effect on local services ❖ The effect on the natural environment ❖ The effect on wildlife and wildlife habitat ❖ The effect on public health and safety For each of the above criteria, applicable definitions and evaluative provisions contained in the subdivision regulations must be identified. 74 Effect on Agriculture Agriculture is defined as all aspects of farming or ranching including the cultivation or tilling of soil; dairying; the production, cultivation, growing, harvesting of agricultural or horticultural commodities; raising of livestock, bees, fur-bearing animals or poultry; and any practices including forestry or lumbering operations, including preparation for market or delivery to storage, to market, or to carriers for transportation to market.The effect on agriculture is evaluated utilizing the following provisions: 1. Is the proposed subdivision or associated improvements located on or near prime farmland or farmland of statewide importance as defined by the Natural Resource Conservation Service? If so, identify each area on a copy of the preliminary plat. 2. Is the proposed subdivision going to result in removal of any agricultural or timber land from production? If so, describe. 3. Are there any possible conflicts with nearby agricultural operations(e.g., residential development creating problems for moving livestock, operating farm machinery, maintaining water supplies, controlling weeds or applying pesticides; agricultural operations suffering from vandalism, uncontrolled pets or damaged fences)? If so, describe. 4. Are there any possible nuisance problems which may arise from locating a subdivision near agricultural or timber lands? If so, describe. 5. What effects would the subdivision have on the value of nearby agricultural lands? Effect on Agricultural Water User Facilities Agricultural water user facilities are defined as those facilities which provide water for irrigation orstock watering to agricultural lands to produce agricultural products.These facilities include, but are not limited to, ditches, head gates, pipes and other water conveying facilities.The effect on agricultural water user facilities is evaluated by the following provisions: 1. Are there any conflicts the subdivision would create with agricultural water user facilities (e.g. residential development creating problems for operating and maintaining irrigation systems) or would agricultural water user facilities be more subject to vandalism or damage because of the subdivision? Describe. 2. Are there any possible nuisance problems which the subdivision would generate regarding agricultural water user facilities (e.g. safety hazards to residents or water problems from irrigation ditches, head gates, siphons, sprinkler systems or other agricultural water user facilities)? Describe. Effect on Local Services Local services are defined as any and all services that local governments, public or private utilities are authorized to provide for the benefit of their citizens.The effect on local services is evaluated by the following provisions: 1. Are there any additional or expanded public services and facilities that would be demanded of local government or special districts to serve the subdivision? Describe. 2. Are there any additional costs which would result for services such as roads, bridges, law enforcement, parks and recreation,fire protection,water, sewer and solid waste systems, ambulance service, schools or busing, (including additional personnel, construction and maintenance costs)? Describe. 75 3. Who would bear these costs (e.g. all taxpayers within the jurisdiction, people within special taxing districts, or users of a service)? 4. Can service providers meet the additional costs given legal or other constraints (e.g. statutory ceilings on mill levies or bonded indebtedness)? 5. Are there off-site costs or costs to other jurisdictions that may be incurred (e.g. development of water sources or construction of a sewage treatment plant; costs borne by a nearby municipality)? Describe. 6. How does the subdivision allow existing services,through expanded use,to operate more efficiently, or makes the installation or improvement of services feasible (e.g. allow installation of a central water system or upgrading a country road)? 7. What are the present tax revenues received from the un-subdivided land? a. By the County$ b. By the municipality, if applicable, $ c. By the school(s) $ 8. What are the approximate revenues received by each above taxing authority if the lots are reclassified, and when the lots are all improved and built upon? Describe any other taxes that would be paid by the subdivision and into what funds (e.g. personal property taxes on mobile/manufactured homes are paid into the County general fund). 9. Would new taxes generated from the subdivision cover additional public costs? 10. How many special improvement districts would be created which would obligate local government fiscally or administratively?Are any bonding plans proposed which would affect the local government's bonded indebtedness? Effect on Natural Environment Natural environment is defined as the physical conditions which exist within a given area, including land, air, water, mineral,flora, fauna, sound, light and objects of historic and aesthetic sign ificance. The effect on the natural environment is evaluated by the following provisions: 1. What are the known or possible historic, paleontological, archaeological or cultural sites, structures or objects which may be affected by the proposed subdivision? Describe and locate on a plat overlay or sketch map. 2. How would the subdivision affect surface and groundwater, soils, slopes,vegetation, historical or archaeological features within the subdivision or on adjacent land? Describe plans to protect these sites. 3. Would any stream banks or lake shorelines be altered, streams re-channeled or any surface water contaminated from sewage treatment systems, run-off carrying sedimentation, or concentration of pesticides or fertilizers? 4. Would groundwater supply likely be contaminated or depleted as a result of the subdivision? 5. Would construction of roads or building sites require cuts and fills on steep slopes or cause erosion on unstable, erodible soils?Would soils be contaminated by sewage treatment systems? Explain 6. What are the impacts that removal of vegetation would have on soil erosion, bank or shoreline instability? 7. Would the value of significant historical,visual or open space features be reduced or eliminated? 8. Are there any natural hazards the subdivision could be subject to (such as flooding, rock, snow or landslides, high winds, severe wildfires, or difficulties such as shallow bedrock, high water table, unstable or expansive soils, or excessive slopes? 76 9. How would the subdivision affect visual features within the subdivision or on adjacent land? Describe efforts to visually blend the proposed development with the existing environment(e.g. use of appropriate building materials, colors, road design, underground utilities and re- vegetation of earthworks). Effect on Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat Wildlife is defined as those animals that are not domesticated or tamed, or as may be defined in a Growth Policy. Wildlife habitat is defined as the place or area where wildlife naturally lives ortravels through.The effect on wildlife and wildlife habitat are evaluated by the following provisions: 1. What impacts would the subdivision or associated improvements have on wildlife areas such as big game wintering range, migration routes, nesting areas,wetlands or important habitat for rare or endangered species? 2. What effect would pet, or human activity have on wildlife? Effect on Public Health and Safety Public health and safety are defined as the prevailing healthful, sanitary condition of wellbeing for the community at large. Conditions relating to public health and safety include but are not limited to: disease control and prevention; emergency services; environmental health;flooding, fire or wildfire hazards, rock falls or landslides, unstable soils, steep slopes and other natural hazards; high voltage lines or high pressure gas lines; and air or vehicular traffic safety hazards.The effect on public health and safety is evaluated by the following provisions: 1. Are there any health or safety hazards on or near the subdivision, such as: natural hazards, lack of water, drainage problems, heavy traffic, dilapidated structures, high pressure gas lines, high voltage power lines or irrigation ditches?These conditions, proposed or existing, should be accurately described with their origin and location identified on a copy of the preliminary plat. 2. Would the subdivision be subject to hazardous conditions due to high voltage lines, airports, highways, railroads, dilapidated structures, high pressure gas lines, irrigation ditches and adjacent industrial or mining uses? 3. How will the subdivision affect the adjacent land use? Identify existing uses such as feed lots, processing plants, airports or industrial firms which could be subject to lawsuits or complaints from residents of the subdivision. 4. What public health or safety hazards, such as dangerous traffic,fire conditions or contamination of water supplies would be created by the subdivision? In addition to the above factors,the subdivision regulations also require preparation of a community impact report on the following public services and facilities. 1. Education and busing 2. Roads and maintenance 3. Water, sewage, and solid waste facilities 4. Fire and police protection S. Payment for extension of capital facilities 7= Public Hearing Requirements and Procedures The subdivision regulations contain several sections that specify the procedural requirements for the following types of subdivision applications. 1. Divisions of land exempt from subdivision review 2. Review and approval procedures for minor subdivisions 3. Review and approval procedures for major subdivisions, including review and approval of preliminary and final plats 4. Expedited review of a first minor subdivision The subdivision regulations apply to all jurisdictions within the county.The County is in the process of updating the subdivision regulations for consistency with all applicable enacted amendments to the MCA during the last three Montana legislative sessions. All procedural provisions, including those applicable to public hearings, are consistent with the current statutory provisions contained in the MCA. Objectives,Policies and Strategies A growth policy is a foundational document. It is intended to provide an overview of the community in terms of guidance for future planning. As a guiding document,the growth policy should encourage as many"finer point" studies and documents as possible to encourage refining of larger scope ideas. Items outlined in the following tables are only options, and do not in any way obligate the governing body to pursue, fund or prioritize any given option or opportunity. Instead,the following are the recommended objectives and policies and strategies for each topic of the Growth Policy. For each policy and strategy, the entity responsible for implementation is identified and a recommended time frame for implementation is provided.The entity listed first for each policy and strategy (in italicized type) is assigned the primary responsibility to initiate and follow-through with implementation measures. In a few cases, multiple entitles are assigned the primary responsibility for implementation. Other listed entities for recommended policies and strategies are responsible for supporting the implementation measures. Four implementation time frames are provided: 1. Immediate (defined as within a year after adoption of the Growth Policy) 2. Short-term (defined as not later than two years after adoption of the Growth Policy) 3. Mid-term (defined as between two and four years after adoption of the Growth Policy) 4. Long-term (defined as prior to the future update of the Growth Policy in 5 years (2025) 78 Goal 1:Conserve Open Space and Traditional Land Uses OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Encourage cluster developments to Planning Dept Mid-term incorporate open space into new City Council developments Provide options for landowners for conserving Planning Dept Immediate portions of their land City Council Study and Implement strategies to create an Public Works Mid-term interconnected system of parks and Planning Long-term greenways and open space that are accessible City Council Goal 2: Develop downtown Laurel into a vibrant place to live,work, and play OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Encourage mixed uses for living, working, and Planning Board Short-term shopping local County Commission Identify priority parcels for infill development Planning Board Mid-term LURA Implement Placemaking projects to create a Planning Dept Short-term more livable and enjoyable downtown Chamber of Commerce Mid-term LU RA Public Works Partner with local groups to support City Council Immediate community businesses, events, and Planning gatherings Chamber of Commerce Connect with regional agencies to access City Council Long-term project funding, receive technical support, County Commission and boost the visibility of Laurel development Planning Dept opportunities BSEDA 79 Goal 3: Update Subdivision Code to meet the needs of Laurel and the surrounding area OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Provide clear and consistent standards Planning Dept Short-term Zoning Commission Public Works Dept Ensure the proper scale and scope of Planning Dept Mid-term regulations Planning Board Zoning Commission Include trails, open space, and greenway Planning Dept Mid-term considerations in parkland subdivision review Planning Board Long-term Regularly review and update the Subdivision Planning Board Long-term Code as needed to remain current City Council Goal 4: Update Zoning Code to provide for greater flexibility of allowable uses, clearer requirements,and more efficient land use OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Study the inclusion of different types of Planning Dept Mid-term housing within residential districts Planning Board Update Overlay Districts, Parking Planning Dept Short-term Requirements, and the Sign Code to better fit Planning Board Mid-term the City's needs and character Public Works LU RA Allow mixed-use live/work opportunities in Planning Dept Short-term commercial areas Planning Board Enable property owners to use their land Planning Board Mid-term more effectively and efficiently Planning Dept Goal 5: Use long term planning documents to identify funding and address priority needs for infrastructure and development OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Establish an Annexation Plan to develop City Council Mid-term priority growth areas and strategies Planning Dept Public Works Develop a Capital Improvement Plan for vital Public Works Short-term infrastructure to support the City as it grows Planning Dept Prepare a Commercial and Industrial Planning Dept Mid-term Development Study for land adjacent to major City Council transportation routes in the Laurel area 80 Goal 1:Adopt a long-range view for the growth of the City OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Establish a growth-conscious set of policies to Planning Board Mid-term expand the City and its services City Council Long-term Create priority growth areas for extension of Planning B Immediate services City Council Develop and approve an Annexation Plan for Planning Dept Short-term the Laurel Planning Jurisdiction City Council Mid-term BSEDA Beartooth RC&D Goal 2: Mange fiscal responsibility with established and proposed annexation standards OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Ensure that the established standards are Planning Board Short-term right and proper for the City of Laurel County Commission Ease the burden for developers to annex into Planning Board Mid-term the City while meeting established standards City Council Allow greater flexibility in development Planning Board Short-term patterns Planning Dept Mid-term Determine the cost and benefits of Clerk-Treasurer Mid-term annexation City Council Planning Dept Public Works 81 Goal 1: Encourage a mixture of housing types to meet the demand of all market sectors OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Maintain a diverse array of housing and Planning Dept Immediate affordability levels Promote higher density housing types in the Planning Dept Mid-term downtown area and adjacent to major transportation corridors Study mixed-use housing and other alternative Planning Dept Mid-term housing types and styles Long-term Provide options for a full spectrum of housing Planning Dept Long-term from rentals to retirement housing Goal 2: Provide information on housing-related grants,loans,and ownership programs OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Develop a list of resources for renters and Planning Dept Short-term homeowners Montana Housing Collect information on federal, state, local, Planning Dept Short-term and philanthropic rental and homeownership Montana Housing Mid-term programs HUD Advise Laurel area residents as to available Planning Dept Immediate support for housing, rent, and homeownership 82 Goal 1: Maintain an effective and efficient public infrastructure system that adequately serves the needs of the City OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Develop a data-driven infrastructure Public Works Short-term maintenance schedule Determine any existing gaps in services and Public Works Short-term other infrastructure deficiencies within the Planning Mid-term City Adopt up-to-date infrastructure standards that Public Works Short-term are appropriate for the needs of the City Study using public spaces within floodplains, Planning Dept Mid-term watercourses, and wetlands to be used as Planning Board Long-term passive recreation areas such as parks and Study the feasibility of recycling programs and Public Works Mid-term other means to reduce solid waste Planning Dept Incorporate stormwater system planning into Planning Dept Mid-term roadway and other infrastructure planning Public Works Long-term processes City Council Goal 2: Establish the long-term capital and infrastructure needs for the City OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Develop a Capital Improvement Plan for the Public Works Mid-term improvement and expansion of infrastructure City Council Prepare a Water System Master Plan Public Works Mid-term Planning Dept Long-term Create a Wastewater System Master Plan Public Works Mid-term Planning Dept Long-term Complete a Stormwater Management Plan Public Works Mid-term Planning Dept Long-term Ensure infrastructure planning documents are Public Works Long-term routinely updated. Confirm that the established infrastructure Public Works Mid-term priorities are adequate Planning City Council 83 Goal 3:Seek out possible funding sources for the expansion and improvement of infrastructure and essential community services OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Study the physical and financial needs for the Planning Dept Mid-term extension of infrastructure to priority growth Public Works areas Collaborate with Montana agencies on major City Council Immediate projects and studies Explore federal, state, and philanthropic Public Works Short-term infrastructure grant opportunities Planning Dept Determine positive impacts from the Public Works Mid-term expansion and improvement of infrastructure Planning Dept Apply for funding opportunities that are Public Works Mid-term appropriate for city priorities and projects and Planning Dept Long-term assist in keeping user fees reasonable Clerk-Treasurer Infrastructure Funding Opportunities: Montana Department of Environmental Quality, Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Loan Program The Montana Legislature established the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) Loan Program for Drinking Water projects.The program provides at or below market interest rate loans to eligible Montana entities.The Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is the administering agency and assures the technical,financial and programmatic requirements of the program are met. Eligible water projects include acquisition of land that is integral to the project, consolidating water supplies, engineering, new sources,treatment, source water protection, storage and distribution. Eligible applicants are municipalities, public or private community water systems and non-profit, non- community water systems.The current interest rate for loans is 3.75 percent with payment schedules not to exceed 20 years. Drinking Water Projects qualifying as disadvantaged may extend the term up to 30 years. Applications are accepted year-round. Preliminary engineering analysis must be reviewed prior to submittal of application. Montana Department of Environmental Quality, Water Pollution Control State Revolving Fund Loan Program The Montana Legislature established the Water Pollution Control State Revolving Fund (WPCSRF) Loan Program for water pollution control projects.The program provides at or below market interest rate loans to eligible Montana entities. Cooperatively, DEQ and DNRC administer the Water Pollution Control State Revolving Fund Loan Program. 84 Eligible water quality projects include wastewater treatment plant improvements, interceptors, collectors and lift stations, lagoon construction and rehabilitation, engineering and project inspection, and land used for disposal purposes. All projects must be included in a project priority list and intended use plan for the fiscal year in which funding is anticipated, and the ability to repay loan funding must be demonstrated. Eligible applicants are municipalities for wastewater projects as well as municipalities and private entities for nonpoint source projects.The current interest rate for loans is 3.75 percent with payment schedules not to exceed 20 years. Water Pollution Control projects qualifying as disadvantaged may extend the payment term up to 30 years.Applications are accepted year-round. Preliminary engineering analysis must be reviewed prior to submittal of application. Montana Department of Commerce, Treasure State Endowment Program Construction Grants(TSEP) The Treasure State Endowment Program (TSEP) awards matching grants to local governments for construction of local infrastructure projects.TSEP construction grants provide help in financing infrastructure projects throughout Montana. Eligible applicants include incorporated cities and towns, counties, consolidated governments,Tribal governments and county or multi-county water, sewer or solid waste districts. A dollar-for-dollar match is required, but in cases of extreme financial hardship where the public's health and safety are seriously affected, grants up to 75 percent of the project costs may be awarded.Matching funds can be public or private funds. Construction grant applications are limited to a maximum of $750,000.Applications are typically due the first week of May on even numbered years. US Department of Agriculture, Water and Environmental Load and Grant Program (WEP) Water and Environmental Programs (WEP) loans and grants provide funding for drinking water,sanitary sewer, solid waste and storm drainage facility projects in rural areas and cities and towns of 10,000 or less. WEP also makes grants to nonprofit organizations to provide technical assistance and training to assist rural communities with their water, wastewater and solid waste problems. Eligible projects include construction, repair and expansion of water,wastewater, storm water and solid waste systems. Public bodies, non-profit organizations and recognized Indian Tribes are all eligible applicants for the program.This funding opportunity is capped at 75 percent of total project costs.Applications are accepted on a continual basis. Economic Development Administration, Public Works Grant Program The Economic Development Administration (EDA) provides public works investments to support construction or rehabilitation of essential public infrastructure and facilities to help communities and regions leverage their resources and strengths to create new and better jobs, drive innovation, become centers of competition in the global economy and ensure resilient economies. Eligible projects are those pertaining to water and wastewater systems that address national strategic priorities, assist economically distressed and underserved communities, demonstrate a good return on EDA's investment through job creation or retention, demonstrate or support regional collaboration and employ public-private partnerships to use both public and private resources and/or leverage complementary investments. 85 Eligible applicants include municipalities, counties, and Indian Tribes.The maximum award attainable is 75 percent of project cost.Application deadlines are variable and would need to be determined at the time of application. US Department of Interior, Water Grant Program System Optimization Review Grant The Water Program focuses on improving water conservation, sustainability and helpingwater resource managers make sound decisions about water use. It identifies strategies to ensure present and future generations will have enough clean water for drinking, economic activities,recreation and ecosystem health.The program also identifies adaptive measures to address climate change and its impact on future water demands. Eligible projects include any plan of action that focuses on improving efficiency and operations on a regional or basin perspective. Eligible applicants include the state, Indian Tribes, irrigation districts, water districts or other organizations with water or power delivery authority. A 50 percent match is required for this funding opportunity and the maximum award attainable is $300,000. 86 Transportation Goals and Objectives Goal 1: Preserve, maintain, and improve the existing transportation system OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Update the Long-Range Transportation Plan Planning Dept Mid-term (LRTP) City Council Establish a systematic approach for the Public Works Short-term maintenance and repair of the road network. City Council Develop a Capital Improvement Plan to City Council Short-term identify and prioritize significant Public Works Mid-term transportation projects Planning Dept Establish a road network master plan to Planning Dept Mid-term ensure street continuity,traffic flow, and Planning Board Long-term neighborhood connectivity Public Works Promote fiscal responsibility and high return Clerk-Treasurer Immediate on investment City-Council Public Works Coordinate roadway improvement projects to Public Works Immediate coincide with underground infrastructure Planning Dept improvements MDT Goal 2: Improve the mobility,safety,and accessibility of all users and modes of travel OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Implement bicycle and pedestrian Planning Dept Mid-term improvements and traffic calming measures to Public Works Long-term transform the downtown area into a MDT pedestrian-friendly place Create a looping bicycle/pedestrian trail and Planning Dept Long-term street system that connects different areas of Planning Board Laurel Adopt pedestrian and multi-modal friendly Planning Board Short-term transportation standards and safety measures Public Works Mid-term City Council Explore options to improve and expand the Planning Dept Mid-term Laurel Transit program and strategies to Clerk-Treasurer Long-term create other multi-modal transportation Partner with local, regional, and statewide Planning Dept Long-term groups to further integrate Laurel into the Planning Board more comprehensive passenger City Council transportation network 87 Goal 3:Connect transportation decisions to land-use decisions OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Integrate land-use planning and Planning Dept Short-term transportation planning to manage better and Public Works develop the transportation network. MDT City Council Utilize transportation projects to encourage Planning Dept Short-term intensive development patterns along Public Works significant routes and existing areas of the City Adopt and implement consistent system Public Works Short-term policies and maintenance standards City Council Ensure the development of a sustainable Planning Dept Long-term transportation system that minimizes Planning Board environmental impacts City Council 88 Economic Development Goals and Objectives Goal 1:Develop downtown Laurel as a destination to live,work,and play OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Institute placemaking projects to further Planning Dept Short-term enhance district character LURA Chamber of Commerce Increase live-work opportunities for current Planning Dept Long-term and future residents and businesses Apply Tax Increment Financing(TIF) funding to LURA Mid-term beautification, blight removal, and public Planning Dept Long-term improvement projects City Council Identify and find solutions for unused or Planning Dept Mid-term underused parcels as candidates for LURA development Goal 2:Create a resilient local economy OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Strengthen core businesses and industries Planning Dept Immediate through communication and connections with Chamber of Commerce technical support BSEDA Ensure that local economic activities are Chamber of Commerce Immediate inclusive and accessible to all stakeholders BSEDA Implement policies that create stable and Planning Dept Long-term sustainable economic growth City Council Work to highlight the shared benefits of Planning Dept Immediate working together as a community with local Chamber of Commerce businesses stakeholders, and developers BSEDA Provide an economic ecosystem that allows Planning Dept Mid-term for a wide array of businesses, industries, and Chamber of Commerce Long-term developments to thrive Big Sky EDA Beartooth RC&D City Council Study and implement policies to enhance local Chamber of Commerce Long-term business demand and alternative strategies for BSEDA value creation for the community Beartooth RC&D 89 Goal 3:Collaborate with area organizations to support economic growth and local employment and training opportunities OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Communicate with local groups to determine Planning Dept Immediate any needs and assistance BSEDA Beartooth RC&D Create partnerships with local and regional City Council Mid-term groups to fill local service gaps and create City Departments needed programming County Commission Take part in events and workshops to support Planning Dept Immediate local business initiatives and activities Chamber of Commerce Short-term City Council Establish common ground with local and BSEDA Mid-term regional groups to provide resources and Planning Dept Long-term assistance Connect residents and businesses with like- Planning Dept Mid-term minded economic, financial, and BSEDA Long-term entrepreneurship resources and opportunities Chamber of Commerce Goal 4:Study options for new commercial and industrial properties in anticipated high-growth areas OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Create a Corridor Master Plan for growth in Planning Dept Mid-term and around the intersection with Old Route 10 City Council and the West Laurel Interchange Study options and determine priorities for the City Council Short-term possible establishment of Tax Increment Planning Dept Mid-term Financing Districts(TIFs) and Targeted BSEDA Economic Development Districts (TEDDs) Beartooth RC&D Planning Board Review and pursue opportunities for clustered Planning Dept Short-term commercial or industrial parks BSEDA Mid-term Beartooth RC&D City Council Chamber of Commerce Develop funding strategies to provide services Planning Dept Short-term for priority growth areas. Public Works Mid-term Clerk-Treasurer 90 Economic Development Funding Opportunities Community Development Block Grant Program Each year the US Entity of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) allocates grant funding to the Montana Department of Commerce for the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program. Funds are intendedto benefit low or moderate-income persons, aid in prevention or elimination of slums or meet urgent community development needs. CDBG is broken into five different funding categories: Planning,Public Facilities, Housing and Neighborhood Renewal, Neighborhood Stabilization Program and Economic Development. Eligible applicants include counties, incorporated cities and towns, and consolidated city-county governments. Deadlines are staggered throughout the year with planning grants being offered one year and construction grants the following year generally. Montana Department of Commerce, Montana Main Street Program The mission of the Montana Department of Commerce Main Street program is to be a coordinating resource for communities seeking to revitalize their historic downtown or core commercial districts and to provide technical assistance to communities of all sizes.The underlying premise of the Montana Main Street Program is to encourage economic development within the context of historic preservation. In 2011,the project began gearing toward community development.The Montana Main Street Program was awarded a Preserve America sub grant from the Montana State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in 2011.The purpose of the grant was to focus on core and downtown planning and to build capacity under the Main Street program. It was this sub grant that focused the program toward community development. 91 Public Facilities and Services Goals and Objectives Goal 1: Provide consistent and high-quality public services to the community OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Develop standard operating procedures to City Council Mid-term ensure consistency for city departments Public Works Long-term Planning Dept EMS Fire Dept Police Dept Develop maintenance procedures for parks, Public Works Mid-term facilities, and public areas. Study current facilities and services to identify City Council Mid-term gaps and determine projected needs in Public Works services Goal 2: Respond to the changing nature of the community OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Plan for the expansion of public facilities in Planning Dept Short-term priority growth areas City Council Mid-term City Departments Invest in public facilities that are accessible to Public Works Long-term everyone in the community Study how to improve city services to boost Planning Dept Long-term the quality of life for residents, businesses, Public Works and institutions Goal 3:Work with city department and local stakeholders to determine the priority expansion of public facilities and services OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Open lines of communication between city City Departments Immediate departments and local stakeholders to gather MDT input on major projects County Commission Consider the public service requirements of Planning Dept Immediate large-scale projects before their approval and Public Works implementation Develop plans for the expansion of Fire, Police, Planning Dept Short-term and EMS facilities Public Works Mid-term Fire Dept Police Dept EMS 92 Goal 1: Develop parkland as an essential and enjoyable amenity for residents OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Ensure new developments have appropriate Planning Dept Immediate park space for recreation and general use Public Works Short-term City Council Study how existing parks can be improved Public Works Mid-term through new facilities, changed layouts, or Planning Dept Long-term additions Review current park infrastructure and Public Works Long-term determine if improvements are necessary to Planning Dept serve the needs of the surrounding area better Goal 2: Promote Riverside Park as a vital historic,civic,and recreation resource for residents and visitors OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Adhere to the projects and strategies Planning Dept Immediate presented in the 2018 Riverside Park Master Public Works Plan City Council Seek grant funding for structural and site Planning Dept Immediate improvements City Council Develop historic markers for Riverside Park Planning Dept Mid-term and its historic structures YC Historic Pres. Board Western Heritage Center Study options for connecting Riverside Park to Planning Department Long-term the city proper through infrastructure Public Works improvements, civic engagement, or other City Council means Establish signage and marketing for the assets Planning Dept Mid-term and resources of Riverside Park to area YC Historic Pres. Board residents and visitors Western Heritage Center 93 Goal 3: Create an interconnected system of parks,greenspace,and trails that are accessible to all OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Create a city-wide Park System Master Plan to Planning Dept Mid-term develop project priorities Park Board Consider the creation of a City Parks Public Works Long-term Department to oversee park operations and Park Board maintenance City Council Identify unused land that can be transformed Park Board Mid-term into green space or trails for use by the public Public Works Long-term Planning Dept Update the zoning and development codes to Planning Dept Short-term encourage the creation of bicycle and Mid-term pedestrian trail corridors 94 Goal 1: Protect Laurel's natural resources and traditional environment OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Provide options for landowners for conserving Planning Dept Short-term portions of their land while developing others Planning Board Immediate City Council Achieve a balanced pattern of growth to Planning Dept Long-term ensure environmental concerns are considered during the development Manage the local water resources as a Planning Dept Immediate healthy, integrated system that provides long- Public Works term benefits from enhanced environmental Goal 2: Incorporate sustainable development patterns in the Laurel subdivision and land use codes OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Review and update existing zoning and Planning Board Short-term subdivision regulations to ensure Planning Dept environmental preservation and conservation are addressed Review and update landscaping ordinances as Planning Board Mid-term needed to best suit Laurel's natural environment Manage rivers,floodplains, wetlands, and Planning Dept Immediate other water resources for multiple uses, Planning Board including flood and erosion protection, wildlife Goal 3: Connect with local, regional, and state agencies and stakeholders to improve the natural environment in and around Laurel OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Sponsor environmental cleanup and City Council Mid-term rehabilitation programs that include the City, school district, community organizations, and residents Participate in regional watershed studies to Planning Board Long-term achieve adequate long-term flood protection Explore the possibility of creating a Planning Dept Long-term conservation corridor along the Yellowstone Park Board River County Commission 9S Goal 1: Establish lines of communication with local,county,and state partners OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Create an accurate directory of government Clerk-Treasurer Immediate representatives and staff Update governmental stakeholders regarding City Council Short-term ongoing projects and work in the Laurel area Planning Dept Develop working relationships with legislators, City Council Immediate staff, and stakeholders at different levels of Department Heads government Goal 2:Coordinate with local and regional institutions to support and grow the Laurel community OBJECTIVES RESPONSIBLE ENTITY TIME FRAME Work with economic development groups to Chamber of Commerce Immediate seize opportunities for business growth BSEDA Beartooth RC&D City Council Connect area businesses with institutions and Chamber of Commerce Immediate governmental groups that can support their BSEDA mission Beartooth RC&D Communicate with area legislators to provide City Council Short-term information on growth patterns and Planning Dept development in the Laurel area. Maintain open communications with state City Council Long-term agencies and the Board of County Department Heads Commissioners to confirm compliance with statewide codes and operational needs. Ongoing inter-governmental coordination efforts will be maintained.The City of Laurel has inter-local agreements with the School District on cooperative efforts,the shared use of facilities, and other areas of mutual interest.The City interacts with a number of agencies and organizations including but not limited to the Laurel School District, Eastern Montana Drug Task Force (EMDTF), Fish, Widlife & Parks (FWP), Department of Environmental Quality, (DEQ), Department of Natural Resources and Conservation (DNRC), and the many departments and shared Yellowstone County jurisdictions. It will be important to maintain regular communications between City officials and the many local, county, regional, and state groups to discuss ongoing efforts and coordination activities.The County Commissioners have a direct impact on the Laurel area through the four members they appoint to the Laurel City-County Planning Board.This is done due to the mixed city-county make-up of the Laurel planning area that encompasses the city as well as areas within the County jurisdiction. A copy of the 2020 Laurel Growth Management Policy will be submitted to the Yellowstone County Commissioners for review and comment prior to the official adoption by the City Council. 96