HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance No. O01-02ORDINANCE NO. O01-2
ORDINANCE REGULATING THE USE AND PLACEMENT OF
TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOWERS AND ANTENNAE
WHEREAS, the City of Laurel desires to include the placement and use of
telecommunications towers and antennae within the zoning jurisdiction of the City; and
WHEREAS, it is in the best interests of the residences of the City of Laurel to pass such
an ordinance;
IT IS I-I~REBY ORDAINED by the City Council for the City of Laurel, Montana, that
the LAUREL MUNICIPAL CODE is hereby amended as is set forth below.
CHAPTERS 17.21, 17.16.010, and 17.20.010 shall be amended and read as follows:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOWERS AND ANTENNAE
Sections:
17.21.010 Intent
17.21.020 Standards for Amateur Radio Antenna Support Structures
17.21.030 Standards for Wireless Communication Facilities
17.21.040 Standards for Land Mobile Radio and Radio and Television Broadcast Antennae and
Antennae Support Structures
Section 17.21.010 Intent.
This section is established to regulate the placement of telecommunications towers and
antennae within the Laurel zoning jurisdictional area (one mile outside the municipal limits).
Section 17.21.020 Standards For Amateur Radio Antenna Support Structures.
A. Definitions. For the purposes of this section, the terms used shall be defined as follows:
1. Amateur Radio Antenna: A ground-, building- or tower-mounted antenna operated
by a federally licensed amateur radio operator as part of the Amateur Radio Service, 49 CFR §
97 and as designated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).
2. Amateur Radio Antenna Support Structure: Any structure or device_specifically
designed, constructed and/or erected for the purpose of attaching, mounting or otherwise affixing
amateur radio antennae. The term includes the structure and any support thereto.
3. Antenna Support Structure Height: The vertical distance measured from the base
of the antenna support structure at grade to the highest point of the structure including any
attached antennae. If the support structure is on a sloped grade, then the average between the
highest and lowest grades shall be used in calculating the antenna height.
General Provisions. All amateur radio towers shall comply with the following
requirements:
Amateur radio antenna support structures and antennae shall be located only
within the rear yard and shall not be placed within any required setback and shall
be located so as to minimize their impact on adjacent residential properties and
adjacent rights-of-way while maintaining acceptable signal quality.
Amateur radio antenna support structures and antennae exceeding six (6) feet in
height above grade (if ground-mounted) or above the roof or ridge of the building
on which they are located (if building-mounted), shall require a building permit if
located within the municipal limits of Laurel. If located within one mile &such
municipal limits, applicants must provide ev/dence to the Laurel Code
Enforcement Office that the device is adequately anchored, designed, and/or
constructed so as to safeguard the general public and/or adjacent property from
damage in the event of failure of the device.
It is recommended that amateur radio antenna support structures be designed,
installed, and maintained so as to blend into the surrounding environment through
the use of color and alternative designs, except in instances where the color is
dictated by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
In accordance with the FCC's preemptive ruling PRB1, 101 FCC 2d 952 (1985),
antenna suppor~ structures erected for the primary purpose of supporting amateur
radio antennae may exceed height limitations of the underlying zoning.
Attachments to amateur radio antenna support structures, such as guy wires, shall
not cross any property line or any existing or proposed easement.
No lighfmg shall be permitted on any amateur radio antenna support structures
except as mandated by the FAA.
No signage (other than required warning signs) or displays of any type shall be
permitted on any amateur radio antenna support structure.
C. Applicability.
All amateur radio antenna support structures and antennae located within the City of
Laurel or its surrounding zoning jurisdictional area whether upon private or public lands shall be
subject to this ordinance. This ordinance shall apply to amateur radio antenna support structures
and antennae upon state and federal lands to the extent of the City's jurisdiction by way of law,
pursuant to any memoranda of understanding or otherwise. Only the following facilities shall be
exempted from the application of this ordinance: Pre-existing amateur radio antenna support
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structures or antennae. Pre- existing amateur radio antenna support structures and pre-existing
amateur radio antennae shall not be required to meet the requirements of this ordinance, so long
as said pre-existing antenna support structures and antennae have received all required approvals,
permits, and exceptions prior to adoption of this ordinance.
Section 17.21.030 Standards for Wireless Communications Facilities.
A. Purpose.
The purpose of this section is to establish regulations for the siting of antenna support
structures and antennae on public and private property. The goals of this section are to:
1. Encourage the location of antenna support structures in non-residential areas and
minimize the total number of antenna support structures throughout the community;
2. Strongly encourage the joint use of new and existing antenna support structures;
3. Require wireless communication facilities to be located, to the extent possible, in
areas where the adverse impact on the community is minimal;
4. Require wireless communication facilities to be configured in a way that minimizes
the adverse visual impact of the towers and antennae; and
5. Enhance the ability of the providers of wireless communication services to provide
such services to the community, as quickly, effectively, and efficiently as possible.
B. Definitions.
1. Abandoned Antenna Support Structures: Any antennae or antenna support
structures that are not utilized for the provision of wireless communications services for a
continuous period of six (6) months shall be considered abandoned.
2. 'Alternative Antennae Support Structure: An antenna support structure designed to
shield, conceal, or disguise the presence of antennae or towers and blend with the surrounding
setting. Alternative structures may include, but are not limited to, unobtrusive architectural
features on new or existing structures, utility poles, clock towers, flagpoles, and church steeples.
3. Antenna: Any structure or device used for the purpose of collecting or transmitting
electromagnetic waves, including but not limited to directional antennae, such as panels,
microwaves dishes, and satellite dishes, and omni-directional antennae, such as whip antennae
but not including satellite earth stations.
4. Antenna Support Structure: Any structure or device specifically designed,
constructed and/or erected for the purpose of attaching, mounting, or otherwise affixing
antennae. Antenna support structures may include, but are not limited to, self-supporting lattice
towers, guyed towers, or monopole towers. The term also includes radio and television
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transmission towers, microwave towers, common-cartier towers, cellular telephone towers,
alternative antenna support structures, and the like. The term includes the structure and any
support thereto. Land mobile radio and radio and television antenna support structures are
regulated under Section 17.21.040 of this regulation.
5. Antenna Support Structure Height: The vertical distance measured from the base of
the antenna support structure at grade to the highest point of the structure including any attached
antennae. If the support structure is on a sloped grade, then the average between the highest and
lowest grades shall be used in calculating the antenna height. The height of roof-mounted
antenna support structure height does not include the height of building on which they are
mounted.
6. Antenna or Tower Farm: An antenna or tower farm is a tract of land that contains
no more than three (3) antenna support structures within seven hundred fifty (750) linear feet of
each other. No antenna support structures located in tower farms shall exceed one hundred
ninety-nine (199) feet in height. Legal tracts must be adjacent to each other to be included in this
definition.
7. Co-location: The use of a wireless communications facility by mere than one
wireless communications provider.
8. Commercial Wireless Communications Services: Licensed commercial wireless
telecommunication services including cellular, personal communications services (PCS),
specialized mobilized radio (SMR), enhanced specialized mobilized radio (ESMR), paging, and
similar services that are marketed to the general public.
9. Equipment Enclosure: A structure, shelter, cabinet, or vault used to house and
protect the electronic equipment necessary for processing wireless communication signals.
Associated equipment may include air conditioning, backup power supplies, and emergency
generators.
10. Wireless Communication Facility: An unstaffed facility for the transmission
and/or reception of radio frequency (P.F), microwave or other signals for commercial
communications purposes, typically consisting of an equipment enclosure, an antenna support
structure and one or more antennae. Amateur radio, land mobile radio, and commercial radio
and television facilities are excluded from this definition.
11. FAA: Federal Aviation Administration.
12. FCC: Federal Communications Commission.
C. Applicability.
All wireless communication facilities located within the City of Laurel and its one-mile
zoning jurisdictional area whether upon private or public lands shall be subject to this ordinance.
This ordinance shall apply to wireless communication facilities upon state and federal lands to
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the extent of the City's jurisdiction by way of law, pursuant to any memoranda of understanding
or otherwise. Only the following facilities shall be exempted from the application of this section.
1. Amateur radio stations and antenna support structures.
2. Antennae and antenna support structures for land mobile radio and radio and
television.
3. Pre-existing antenna support structures or antennae. Pre-existing antenna support
structures and pre-existing antennae shall not be required to meet the requirements of this
ordinance, so long as said pre-existing antenna support structures have received all required
approvals, permits, and exceptions prior to adoption of this ordinance.
Commercial Antenna Support Structures and Antennae Located in Residential
Zoning Districts.
1. Antenna support structures and antennae shall be permitted as an allowed use in all
residential zoning districts provided they meet all of the following criteria:
a. Alternative antenna support structures conforming to all applicable provisions
of this ordinance and roof-mounted antennae that do not add more than twenty (20) feet
to the total height of the building on which they are mounted shall be permitted as an
allowed use only when located on school, government-owned utility, and other
government sites.
Proposed antennae or antenna support structures that are contrary to this section
are subject to the special review requirements of these zoning regulations. After the
special review hearing and reaching its decision, the City-County Planning Board shall
forward its recommendations to the City Council for its decision.
b. Antennae co-located on existing or approved alternative antenna support
structures or existing or approved antenna support structures that have previously
received all required approvals and permits shall be permitted as an allowed use.
2. Antenna support structures and antennae shall be permitted in the Agricultural-Open
Space (AO) zoning district provided the following conditions and all applicable setback, lot
coverage, and building (commercial equipment enclosures) height requirements are met:
a. Antenna support structures conforming to all applicable provisions of this
ordinance shall be permitted when:
(1) Located on school, government-owned utility, and government sites
and alternative antenna support structures for roof-mounted antenna are used.
Proposed antennae or antenna support structures that are contrary to this section
are subject to the special review requirements of Laurel's Zoning Ordinance.
After the special review hearing and reaching its decision, the City-County
Planning Board shall forward its recommendations to the City Council for its
decision.
(2) Antenna support structures fifty (50) feet or less in height.
b. Antenna support structures that are greater than fifty (50) feet in height shall be
required to obtain special review approval.
c. Antennae co-located on existing or approved alternative antenna support
structures or existing or approved antenna support structures that have previously
received all required approvals and permits shall be permitted as an allowed use.
d. Antennae or tower farms for antennae support structures fifty (50) feet or less
in height are permitted by special review.
E. Commercial Antenna Support Structures and Antennae Located in Commercial
Zoning Districts.
1. Alternative antenna support structures shall be permitted as an allowed use in all
commercial zordng districts.
2. Antenna support structures shall be permitted as an allowed use in all commercial
zoning districts when located on school, government-owned utility, and other government sites.
Proposed antennae or antenna support structures that are contrary to this section are subject to
the special review requirements of Laurel's Zoning Ordinance. After the special review hearing
and reaching its decision, the City-County Planning Board shall forward its recommendations to
the City Council for its decision.
3. Antennae co-located on existing alternative antenna support structures or existing
antenna support structures which have previously received all required approvals and permits
shall be permitted as an allowed use in all commercial zones.
4. Antenna support structures and antennae located in Residential Professional (liP)
that do not meet the requirements of preceding subsections El, E 2, and E 3 shall be required to
obtain special review approval.
5. New antenna support structures shall not be erected in the Community Entryway
Zone. Antennae may be placed on existing antenna support structures and alternative antenna
support structures that have previously received all required approvals and permits and meet the
provisions and requirements of this ordinance without obtaining permit zoning approval.
6. Antenna support structures and antennae located in Neighborhood Commercial
(NC), Highway Commercial (HC), Light Industrial (LI), Central Business District (CBD),
Heavy Industrial (HI), and Public (P) zoning districts shall be permitted as an allowed use
provided that the towers meet the requirements subsections El, E 2, and E 3, or:
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a. Roof-mounted antenna that do not add more than twenty (20) feet to the total
height of the building on which it is mounted shall be permitted as an allowed use. (See
additional requirements for roof-mounted antenna in subsection G. 10).
b. Antenna support structures fiRy (50) feet in height or less shall be permitted as
an allowed use. Antennae or tower farms for antennae support structures fifty (50) feet or
less in height are permitted by special review.
c. Antenna support structures that are greater than fifty (50) feet in height shall
not be allowed in the CBD or HC Zones.
F. Antenna Support Structures Located in Parks.
The presence of certain wireless communication facilities may conflict with the purpose
of some City and County-owned parks. Wireless communication facilities will be considered
only following a recommendation by the City-County Planning Board, the City Parks
Committee, or the County Board of Park Commissioners and approved by the City Council.
Factors that will be considered include:
1. Public parks of a sufficient scale and character that are adjacent to an existing
commercial or industrial use;
2. Commercial recreation areas and major playfields; and,
3. Park maintenance facilities.
G. General Requirements.
The requirements set forth in this section shall govern the location and construction of all
wireless communications facilities governed by this ordinance.
1. Building codes and safety standards. To ensure the structural integrity of wireless
communication facilities, the owner of a facility shall ensure that it is maintained in compliance
with standards contained in applicable local building codes and the applicable standards for such
wireless communication facilities, as amended from time to time.
2. Regulatory compliance. All wireless communication facilities must meet or exceed
current standards and regulations of the FAA, the FCC, and other local, state or federal agencies
with the authority to regul~.te facilities governed by this ordinance. All wireless communication
facilities must comply with all revised standards and regulations within the date established by
the agency promulgating the standards or regulations.
3. Setbacks:
a. Antenna support structures adjacent to residential uses or zoning. Antenna
support structures must be set back from all property lines a distance equal to one-half
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(1/2) the height of the structure from any off-site residential structure or residentially-
zoned lot. Accessory structures must maintain a minimum of a fifteen (15) foot setback
from any lot line adjacent to a residential structure or residentially-zoned lot, or the
required setback of the zoning district where the antenna support structure is located,
whichever is greater.
b. Commercial and industrial zoning setbacks. Antenna support
structures and accessory facilities must meet the minimum yard setback requirements,
including arterial setbacks, for the commercial or industrial zoning district in which they
are located.
4. Lot coverage and height: Antenna support structures and accessory structures shall
not exceed lot coverage requirements for the zoning district in which they are located. Accessory
structures shall not exceed the height restrictions for the zoning district in which they are located.
5. Fencing and buffering.
a. Fencing. A chain link or solid wood fence, or masonry wall at least six (6) feet
in height (eight (8) feet if razor or barbed wire is to be used) shall be constructed and
maintained around the perimeter of the antenna support structure site. Climb-proof
shields can be substituted for a fence or wall around the structure. Solid fences, at least
six (6) feet in height, are required adjacent to residential uses and residentially-zoned
property.
b. Landscaping. For all facilities the following will be required: a continuous
evergreen hedge at least four (4) feet in height when planted, shall be planted and
maintained around the perimeter of the antenna support structure outside of the required
fencing and spaced close together to provide a continuous visual screen. Shrubs shall also
be planted and maintained around the guy anchors for visual screening purposes.
A performance bond or letter of credit for one hundred fifty percent (150%) of the
landscaping and fencing materials and labor costs shall be posted with the Laurel Code
Enforcement Office, prior to zoning approval or issuance of building permit, to ensure
the placement of required landscaping and fencing.
c. Commercial landscaping. Landscaping requirements shall not apply to antenna
support structures located in the Heavy Industrial (I-II) zoning district.
d. Exceptions for Laurel Airport. If federal safety and security standards at the
airport prevent an antenna support structure from being fenced or landscaped, preceding
items (5)(a) and (5)(b) will not apply. Documentation of these standards must be
submitted with the application.
6. Lighting. Antenna support structures shall not be artificially lighted unless required
by the FAA or other local, state, or federal agency. If the FAA requires safety lighting, the use of
red beacons is preferred to flashing strobe lights.
Security lighting on site may be mounted up to twenty (20) feet nigh on the tower, and shall be
directed towards the ground to reduce light pollution, prevent off-site light spillage, and avoid
illuminating the tower. Cut-offsecurity lighting must be used adjacent to residential uses or
residentially zoned lots. When incorporated into the approved design of the facility, light
fixtures used to illuminate sports fields, parking lots, or similar areas may be included in the
facility.
7. Signage. Signage shall be limited to non-illuminated warning and equipment
identification signs.
8. Co-location.
a. Antenna support structures should be designed in all respects to accommodate
both the applicant's antennae and antennae for at least two (2) additional comparable
antennae if the antenna support structure is over one hundred (100) feet in height or for at
least one (1) additional comparable antennae if the tower is between fifty (50) feet and
one hundred (100) feet in height.
b. All new antennae must co-locate on existing or approved antenna support
structures or alternative antenna support structures unless it can be demonstrated co-
location is not feasible as provided for in subsection
9. Maintenance.
a. Equipment at a wireless communication facility shall be automated to the
greatest extent possible to reduce traffic and congestion. Where the site abuts or has
access to a collector or local street, access for maintenance vehicles shall be exclusively
by means of the collector or local street.
b. All property used for the siting of an antenna support structure or antenna shall
be maintained, without expense to the City so as to be safe, orderly, attractive, and in
conformity with City codes including those regarding the removal of weeds, trash, and
landscape maintenance.
10. Visual impact/aesthetics.
a. Wireless communication facilities shall either maintain a galvanized steel
finish or (subject to any applicable standards of the FAA or other applicable local, state,
or federal agency) be painted a neutral color or painted and/or textured to match the
existing structure so as to reduce visual obtrusiveness.
b. If an antenna is installed on a structure other than a tower, the antenna and
associated electrical and mechanical equipment must be ora neutral color that is identical
to, or closely compatible with, the color of the supporting structure so as to make the
antenna and related equipment as visually unobtrusive as possible. Antennae and antenna
support structures may be mounted on existing buildings that are thirty (30) feet or more
in height above the street grade.
c. Roof-mounted antennae and antenna support structures shall not add more than
twenty (20) feet to the total height of the building on which they are mounted. Roof-
mounted equipment shall be made visually unobtrusive to match existing air conditioning
units, stair, elevator towers, or other architectural elements. Only monopole antennae
support structures with omni-directional (whip) or low profile single-directional (panel)
shall be installed on building roofs. Crow's nest antennae arrays are protfibited on
rooftop structures.
d. Wireless communication facilities attached to new or existing structures shall
be designed to blend with the structure's architecture and should be placed directly
above, below, or incorporated with vertical design elements of a structure.
e. Wireless communication facilities shall be located as to minimize their
visibility and not be placed within historic or scenic view corridors as designated by the
Laurel City Council or by any state or federal law or agency.
11. Antenna support structure separation. All antenna support structures over fifty (50)
feet in height, regardless of the zoning district in which the structure is located, shall be located
at least one (1) mile from any other antenna support structure that is over fifty (50) feet. Up to
three (3) antenna support structures located within an approved wireless communication facility
tower farm shall be located at least one (1) mile from any other tower farm.
Exceptions to the terms of subsection G. 11 may be granted by the City of Laurel during
the special review process when it is found that no existing or approved antenna support
structure within the required separation distance of the proposed site can accommodate the
applicant's proposed antenna; or a critical need exists for the proposed location, and it is
technically infeasible to locate or co-locate structures at or beyond the required separation
distance.
H. Nonconforming Wireless Communication Facilities.
Antenna support structures and/or facilities in existence on the date of the adoption of
these regulations, that do not comply with the requirements of these regulations, (nonconforming
antenna support structures) are subject to the following provisions:
1. Nonconforming antenna support structures may continue their present use, but may
not be expanded or increased in height without complying with these regulations, except as
further provided in this section.
2. Nonconforming antenna support structures which are hereafter damaged and
destroyed, by less than fifty (50) percent of its replacement value, due to any reason or cause
may be repaired and restored to their former use, location, and physical dimensions subject to
obtaining a building permit and other necessary approvals thereof, but without otherwise
complying with these regulations. If an antenna support structure is destroyed or damaged by
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more than fifty (50) percent of its replacement, the antenna support structure must be brought
into compliance with these regulations.
3. The owner of any nonconforming antenna support structure may make minor
modifications in order to improve the structural integrity of the facility, to allow the facility to
accommodate co-located antennae or facilities, or to upgrade the facilities to current engineering,
technological, or communications standards without having to conform to the provisions of these
regulations.
I. Modifications of Existing Wireless Communication Facilities That Meet the
Requirements of These Regulations.
1. Minor modifications. Minor modifications to facilities permitted under these
regulations shall be approved by the City-County Planning Board so long as they comply with
the original approved design. Minor modifications are as follows: the addition of more antenna
arrays to any existing antenna support structure, so long as the addition of the antenna arrays add
no more than twenty (20) feet in height to the facility and the increase in height of the support
structure is no greater than ten (10) percent. Placement of additional antennae, up to the number
the antenna support structure was originally designed to accommodate, shall be considered a
minor modification.
2. Major modifications. Major modifications to antenna support structures permitted
under these regulations shall be approved through a special review. Major modifications are any
that exceed the definition of minor modifications.
J. Abandonment.
Wireless communications facilities will be considered abandoned if they are unused by
all providers at the facility for a period of six (6) months. Determination of abandonment shall be
made by the City-County Planning Board which shall have the right to request documentation
from the facility owner regarding support or antenna usage. Upon abandonment, the facility
owner shall have ninety (90) days to:
1. re-use the facility or transfer it to another owner who will re-use it; or
2. dismantle the facility. If the facility is not removed within ninety (90) days of
abandonment, the City may remove the facility at the facility and/or property owner's expense. If
the facility is removed, City approval of the facility will expire.
If the facility owner is unable to remove the facility within the ninety (90) days due to unusual
circumstances, the City-County Planning Board may grant the facility owner an additional ninety
(90) days in which to comply with the requirements of this section.
K. Special Review submittal requirements.
The applicant of new wireless communication facilities shall provide the following
documentation for review by the City-County Planning Board:
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1. A map to scale showing the service area of the proposed wireless communication
facility and an explanation of the need for that facility.
2. A site/landscaping plan showing the following items:
a. North arrow.
b. The location and dimensions of all vehicular points of ingress and egress,
drives, alleys and streets.
c. Property boundaries and lot line dimensions.
d. The locations and dimensions of all existing and proposed buildings,
structures, and improvements including those that will be removed. All information must
be labeled.
e. Setbacks from all property boundaries for existing and proposed structures and
buildings.
f. Centefline and names of major and minor arterial streets relevant to the
application.
g. Elevation draw'rog of proposed wireless communication facility including the
antenna support structure, antenna platforms and associated equipment enclosures. Also
indicate the maximum number ofanterma platforms that can be supported.
h. Detailed landscaping plan of the site.
i. Location of artificial light sources and the areas of illumination.
j. Applications for tower farms shall include items a through i and an overall
development plan showing the location of future structures and equipment enclosures.
k. Latitude, longitude, and height of proposed antenna support structures.
1. Other pertinent features as determined by the Planning Board or the City.
3. Area map showing the property boundaries of adjacent property and the location of
existing buildings.
4. Inventory of existing and approved sites. Each applicant for one or more antenna
support structure shall provide to the City-County Planning Board a map showing the locations
and service area of existing and approved antenna support structures operated or utilized by the
applicant, including specific information on the location, height, and design of each antenna
support structure. The City-County Planning Board shall maintain an inventory of existing and
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approved antenna support structures, including specific information about the location, height,
and design of each antenna support structure. The City may share such information with other
persons, organizations, or governmental authorities.
5. Documentation of minimum light requirements from the FAA or other local, state or
federal agency for the antenna support structure and/or antennae. Where applicable, applicant
will provide documentation of the FAA airspace review and a copy of comments from the FAA.
6. When the applicant is a wireless service provider, proof that the applicant is licensed
by the FCC to provide the wireless communication services that the proposed facility is designed
to support.
7. Availability of suitable existing or approved antenna support structures. No new
antenna support structure shall be permitted unless the applicant clearly
demonstrates, in writing, to the reasonable satisfaction of the City that no existing or approved
antenna support structure within the required separation distance of the proposed site can
accommodate the applicant's proposed antenna. Closer separation distances may be approved if
the applicant clearly demonstrates a critical need for the alternative location and the infeasibility
of locating or co-locating wireless communication facility at or beyond the required separation
distance. Evidence submitted to demonstrate that no existing or approved structure can
accommodate the applicant's proposed antenna must include a discussion of the following items,
if relevant.
a. No existing or approved antenna support structures are located within the
geographic area required to meet the applicant's engineering requirements.
b. Existing or approved antenna support structures are not of sufficient height to
meet the applicant's engineering requirements.
c. Existing or approved antenna support structures do not have sufficient
structural strength to support the applicant's proposed antenna and related equipment and
cannot be reinforced to provide sufficient structural strength.
d. The applicant's proposed antenna would cause electromagnetic interference
with the antenna on the existing or approved antenna support structures, or the antenna on
the existing or approved antenna support structures would cause interference with the
applicant's proposed antenna.
e. The fees or costs required to share an existing or approved antenna support
structure or to adapt an existing or approved antenna support structures for sharing are
unreasonable. Costs below new tower development are presumed reasonable.
f. Property owners or owners of existing or approved antenna support structures
are unwilling to accommodate the applicant's needs.
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g. The applicant demonstrates that there are other limiting factors that render
existing or approved antenna support structures unsuitable.
8. Co-location agreement. If co-location is feasible, the owner of the antenna support
structure shall certify, prior to permit approval, that the owner will accept for co-location any
FCC licensed wireless communication provider using compatible technology on commercially
reasonable terms up to the antenna support structure's capacity to accommodate additional
antennae. The applicant shall also include a statement on how requests for co-locators will be
processed.
9. Effect of surrounding property values. The applicant must submit information that
substantiates there will be no adverse effects on surrounding property values resulting from the
proposed facility.
L. Special review uses.
1. A request for a special review shall be initiated by application to the City-County
Planning Board and handled in accordance with the special review procedure provided in Section
17.68 of these zoning regulations. The Laurel City Council may issue special review approval
under these sections provided it has determined that the requirements of this ordinance has been
satisfied and, further, that the benefits of and need for the proposed wireless communication
facilities are greater than possible depreciating effects and damage to neighboring properties.
2. In granting special review approval, the City Council may impose additional
conditions to the extent determined necessary to buffer or otherwise minimize adverse effects of
the proposed wireless communication facilities on surrounding properties.
3. Expiration of special review approval.
a. If located within the one-mile zoning jurisdictional area of Laurel, construction
of the facility must be completed within one year of special review approval. If located
within the City of Laurel, a building permit must be applied for within six (6) months of
special review approval and the project shall be completed within one (1) year from the '
date the special review is granted by the City Council. For the purpose of these
regulations, the term standard of construction shall be defined as the installation of a
permanent foundation for the antenna support structure. The City Council may grant one
(1) six (6) month extension of the period to start construction upon written request by the
applicant.
b. The City Council shall not approve an extension unless the development plan
is brought into conformance with any relevant zoning regulations that have been
amended subsequent to the original approval and unless the applicant provides adequate
evidence that construction is able to begin within the time period sought. This evidence
shall include, but not be limited to, the acquisition of any or all required government
approvals and project financing, the City Council may as a condition of approval of a
special review establish the period of time such special review may remain in effect.
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M. Appeals.
Appeals from any decision of the City-County Planning Department, not requiring City
Council approval, may be taken by any person aggrieved by the decision to Board of Adjustment
or to the City Council pursuant to Section 17.64 of these regulations.
N. Nuisances.
Wireless communication facilities, including without limitation, power source,
ventilation, and cooling, shall not be maintained or operated in such a manner as to be a
nuisance.
Section 17.21.040 Standards for Land Mobile Radio and Radio and Television Broadcast
Antennae and Antennae Support Structures.
A. Purpose. The purpose of this section is to establish regulations for the siting of broadcast
facilities, including land mobile radio services and radio and television broadcast antennae,
antenna support structures, and associated equipment and buildings on public and private
property. The goals of this section are to:
1. Encourage the location of broadcast facilities in non-residential areas and minimize the
total number of antenna support structures throughout the community;
2. Strongly encourage the joint use of new and existing broadcast antenna support
structures;
3. Require broadcast facilities to be located, to the extent possible, in areas where the
adverse impact on the community is minimal;
4. Require broadcast facilities to be cortfigured in a way that minimizes the adverse visual
impact of antenna support structures and antennae; and
5. Enhance the ability of the providers of land mobile radio services and radio and
television broadcast services to provide such services to the community as quicldy, effectively,
and efficiently as possible.
B. Definitions. For the purposes of this section, the terms used shall be defined as follows:
1. AM: Amplitude-modulated broadcasting in the frequency band 535-1,705 Kilohertz.
2. Antenna/antenna support structure height: The vertical distance measured from
the base of the antenna support structure at grade to the highest point of the structure including
any attached antennae. If the support structure is on a sloped grade, then the average between the
highest and lowest grades shall be used in calculating the antenna height.
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3. Broadcast antenna: A ground-, building- or tower-mounted antenna operated as a
land mobile radio service or as a broadcast radio and/or television service as defined by the
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) under Code of Federal Regulations and subsequent
title amendments;
- Title 47, PART 90 (47 CFR § 90) - PRIVATE LAND MOBILE RADIO SERVICES,
- Title 47, PART 73 (47 CFR § 73) - RADIO BROADCAST SERVICES, which includes
AM, Frei, and Television Services, and
-Title 47, PART 74 (47 CFR § 74) - EXPERIMENTAL RADIO, AUXILIARY, AND
SPECIAL BROADCAST AND OTHER PROGRAM DISTRIBUTIONAL SERVICES.
4. Broadcast antenna support structure: Any structure or device specifically designed,
constructed, and/or erected for the purpose of attaching, mounting, or otherwise affixing
antennae. Antenna support structures may include, but are not limited to, self-supporting lattice
towers, guyed towers, or monopole towers. In this section, the term applies to land mobile radio
service and broadcast radio and television transmission antenna support structures. The term
includes the structure and any support thereto.
5. Broadcast antenna or tower farm: A tract of land that contains three (3) or more
broadcast or land mobile radio service antenna support structures, any two are spaced no more
than seven hundred fifty (750) linear feet of each other. Legal tracts must be adjacent to each
other to be included in this definition. The term is inclusive of all antenna support structures,
equipment enclosures, buildings, and any additions thereto.
6. Broadcast facilities: An unstaffed facility for the transmission and/or reception of
radio signals for communications purposes, typically consisting of an equipment building or
enclosure, an antenna support structure, and one or more antennae. This definition applies
exclusively to land mobile radio fixed systems, and radio and television broadcast transmission
facilities.
7. FAA: Federal Aviation Administration.
8. FCC: Federal Communications Commission.
9. Land Mobile Radio Service (LMRS): A mobile service between base stations and
land mobile stations or between land mobile stations as defined in Title 47, PART 90 (47 CFR §
90) - Private Land Mobile Radio Services.
C. Applicability.
All land mobile radio service and radio and television broadcast antenna and antenna
support structures located within the City of Lanrel zoning jurisdiction whether upon private or
public lands shall be subject to this ordinance. This ordinance shall apply to broadcast antenna
and antenna support structures upon state and federal lands to the extent of the City's jurisdiction
by way of law, pursuant to any memoranda of understanding or otherwise.
Pre-existing land mobile radio and radio and television broadcast antenna suppor~
structures and antennae shall not be required to meet the requirements of this
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ordinance/resolution except as provided under///// Section 17.56, "Nonconforming broadcast
facilities".
D. Broadcast antenna support structures and antennae located in residential zoning
districts.
1. Land mobile radio and radio and television broadcast antenna support structures and
antennae shall be permitted as an allowed use in all residential zoning districts provided they
meet all of the following criteria:
a. Alternative broadcast antenna support structures conforming to all applicable
provisions of this ordinance and roof-mounted antennae that do not add more than twenty
(20) feet to the total height of the building on which it is mounted shall be permitted as an
allowed use only when located on school, government-owned utility, and other
government sites. Proposed antennae or antenna support structures that are contrary to
this section are subject to the special review requirements of Laurel's Zoning Ordinance.
After the special review hearing and reaching its decision, the City-County Planning
Board shall forward its recommendations to the City Council for its decision.
b. Antennae co-located on existing or approved alternative broadcast antenna
support structures or existing or approved broadcast antenna support structures, which
have previously received all required approvals and permits shall be permitted as an
allowed use.
2. Broadcast antenna support structures and antennae shall be permitted in the
agricultural-open space (AO) zoning district provided the following conditions and ali applicable
setback, lot coverage, and building (commercial equipment enclosures) height requirements are
met:
a. Broadcast antenna support structures conforming to all applicable provisions of
this ordinance shall be permitted when:
' (1) Located on school, government-owned utility, and government sites
and alternative antenna support structures or roof-mounted antenna are used.
Proposed antennae or antenna support structures that are contrary to this section
are subject to the special review requirements of Laurel's Zoning Ordinance.
After the special review hearing and reaching its decision, the City-County
Planning Board shall forward its recommendations to the City Council for its
decision.
(2) Broadcast antenna support structures fifty (50) feet or less in height.
b. Broadcast antenna support structures that are greater than fiRy (50) feet in
height shall be required to obtain special review approval.
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c. Broadcast antennae co-located on existing or approved alternative broadcast
antenna support structures or existing or approved broadcast antenna support structures
that have previously received all required approvals and permits shall be permitted as an
allowed use.
d. Broadcast antenna or tower farms are permitted by special review.
E. Broadcast Antenna Support Structures and Antennae Located in Commercial Zoning
Districts.
1~ Broadcast antenna support structures fi~y (50) feet in height or less shall be permitted
as an allowed use.
2. Broadcast antenna support structures that exceed 50 feet in height or the maximum
height limitations in the underlying commercial and industrial zoning districts (whichever is
greater) are permitted by special review.
3. Broadcast antenna or tower farms are permitted by special review, except in Entryway
Zone and the CBD and HC zoning districts.
4. All broadcast antenna support structures located in heavy industrial (HI) shall be
permitted as an allowed use, including broadcast antenna or tower farms.
5. All broadcast facilities located within the boundaries of an approved or preexisting
broadcast antenna or tower farm shall be permitted as an allowed use.
F. General requirements.
The requirements set forth in this section shall govern the location and construction of all
land mobile radio service and radio and television transmission facilities governed by this
ordinance.
1. Building codes and safety standards. To ensure the structural integrity of broadcast
facilities, the owner of a facility shall ensure that it is maintained in compliance with standards
contained in applicable local building codes and the applicable standards for such facilities.
2. Regulatory compliance. All broadcast facilities must meet current standards and
regulations of the FAA, the FCC, and other local, state or federal agencies with the authority to
regulate facilities governed by this ordinance.
3. Setbacks:
a. Broadcast antenna support structures adjacent to residential uses or zoning.
Broadcast antenna support structures must be set back, from all property lines, a distance
equal to one-half (~/~) the height of the structure from any off-site residential structure or
residentially zoned lot. Accessory structures, such as equipment enclosures or transmitter
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buildings, must maintain a minimum of a fifteen (15) foot setback from any lot line
adjacent to a residential structure or residentially zoned lot, or the required setback of the
zoning district where the antenna support structure is located, whichever is greater,
b. Commercial and industrial zoning setbacks: Broadcast antenna support
structures and accessory facilities must meet the minimum yard setback requirements,
including arterial setbacks, for the zoning district in which they are located.
c. Broadcast facilities in broadcast antenna or tower farms: Antenna support
structures and accessory facilities located in antenna or tower farms must meet the
minimum yard setback requirements, including arterial setbacks, for the zoning district in
which they are located.
4. Lot coverage and height: Broadcast antenna support structures and accessory
structures shall not exceed lot coverage requirements for the zoning district in which they are
located. Building and equipment enclosures shall not exceed the height restrictions for the zoning
district in which they are located.
5. Fencing and buffering.
a. Fencing. A chain link or solid wood fence, or masonry wall at least six (6)
feet in height (eight (8) feet if razor or barbed wire is to be used) shall be constructed and
maintained around the perimeter of the broadcast antenna support structure site. Climb-
proof shields can be substituted for a fence or wall around the structure. Solid fences, at
least six (6) feet in height are required adjacent to residences and residentially zoned
property. All AM broadcast antenna support structures must be surrounded by a suitable
fence as required by FCC regulations.
b. Landscaping adjacent to residential uses and/or residential zoning. For
broadcast facilities located in a residential zoning district, adjacent to a residential use, or
adjacent to a residentially zoned parcel, the following will be required: a continuous
evergreen hedge at least four (4) feet in height when planted, shall be planted and
maintained around the perimeter of the antenna support structure outside of the required
fencing and spaced close together to provide a continuous visual screen. Shrubs shall
also be planted and maintained around the guy anchors for v/sual screening purposes.
AM Broadcast stations are exempt from this requirement due to overriding FCC
regulations regarding vegetation in ground radial systems.
A performance bond or letter of credit for one hundred fifty percent (150%) of the
landscaping and fencing materials and labor costs shall be posted with the City to ensure
the placement of required landscaping and fencing.
c. Commercial landscaping. Landscaping requirements shall not apply to
broadcast antenna support structures located in Agricultural-Open Space or approved
broadcast antenna or tower farms.
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d. Exceptions for Laurel Airport. If federal safety and security standards prevent
a broadcast antenna support structure from being fenced or landscaped, kerns (5)(a) and
(5)(b) will not apply. Documentation of these standards must be submitted with the
special review applications.
6. Lighting. Broadcast antenna support structures shall not be artificially lighted unless
required by the FAA or other local, state, or federal agency. Security lighting may be placed on a
support structure no higher than twenty feet above ground. Cut-offsecurity lights must be used
in or adjacent to residential areas to prevent light spillage onto adjacent property.
7. Signage. Signage shall be limited to non-illuminated warning and equipment
identification signs unless otherwise required by the FAA and/or FCC.
8. Maintenance.
a. Equipment at a broadcast facility shall be automated to the greatest extent
possible to reduce traffic and congestion. Where the site abuts or has access to a
collector or local street, access for maintenance vehicles shall be exclusively by means of
the collector or local street.
b. All property used for the siting of a broadcast antenna support structure or
antenna shall be maintained, without expense to the city and/or county, so as to be safe,
orderly, attractive, and in conformity with city and/or county codes including those
regarding the removal of weeds, trash and landscape maintenance.
9. Visual impact/aesthetics.
a. Broadcast antenna support structures' shall either maintain a galvanized steel
finish or, subject to any applicable standards of the FAA or other applicable local, state,
or federal agency, be painted a neutral color or painted and/or textured to match the
existing structure so as to reduce visual obtrusiveness.
b. Ifa broadcast antenna is installed on a structure other than a tower, the
associated electrical and mechanical equipment must be ora neutral color that is identical
to, or closely compatible with, the color of the supporting structure so as to make the
related equipment as visually unobtrusive as possible. Broadcast antennae and antenna
support structures may be mounted on existing buildings that are thirty (30) feet or more
in height above the street grade.
c. Roof-mounted antennae and antenna support structures shall not add more than
twenty (20) feet to the total height of the building on which they are mounted. Roof-
mounted equipment shall be made visually unobtrusive to match existing air conditioning
units, stair, elevator towers or other background.. Crow's nest antennae arrays are
prohibited on rooftop structures.
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d. Broadcast antenna or antenna support structures attached to new or existing
structures shall be designed to blend with the structure's architecture and should be
placed directly above, below or incorporated with vertical design elements of a structure.
G. Nonconforming broadcast facilities.
Broadcast facilities in existence on the date of the adoption of these regulations, that do
not comply with the requirements of these regulations, are subject to the following provisions:
1. Nonconforming broadcast facilities may continue their present use, but may not be
expanded without complying with these regulations, except as further provided in this section.
2. Nonconforming broadcast antenna support structures which are hereafter damaged and
destroyed, by less than fifty (50) percent of its replacement value, due to any reason or cause
may be repaired and restored to their former use, location, and physical dimensions subject to
obtaining a building permit and other necessary approvals thereof, but without otherwise
complying with these regulations. If a broadcast antenna support structure is destroyed or
damaged by fifty (50) percent or more of its replacement the broadcast antenna support structure
must be brought into compliance with these regulations.
3. The owner of any nonconforming broadcast antenna support structure may make minor
modifications in order to improve the structural integrity of the structure, to allow the structure to
accommodate co-located antennae, or to upgrade the facilities to current engineering,
technological or communications standards, without having to conform to the provisions of these
regulations.
H. Modifications of Existing or Broadcast Facilities That Meet the Requirements of These
Regulations.
1. Minor modifications. Minor modifications to facilities permitted under these
regulations shall be approved by the City-County Planning Board so long as they comply with
the orig/nal approved design. Minor modifications are as follows:
a. The addition of one or more antenna arrays to any existing antenna support
structure, so long as the addition of the antenna arrays add no more than twenty (20) feet
in height to the facility and the increase in height of the support structure is no greater
than ten (10) percent.
b. Placement of additional antennae, up to the number the antenna support
structure was originally designed to accommodate, shall be considered a minor
modification.
c. Repairs to or replacement of existing antennae or feedlines or support members
(such as guy wires) are not considered modifications under this part.
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2. Major modifications. Major modifications to antenna support structures permitted
under these regulations shall be approved through a special review. Major modifications are any
that exceed the definition of minor modifications.
I. Abandonment.
Broadcast facilities will be considered abandoned if they are unused by all providers at
the facility for a period of six (6) months. Determination of abandonment shall be made by the
City-County Planning Board which shall have the right to request documentation from the
facility owner regarding support or antenna usage. Upon abandonment, the facility owner shall
have ninety (90) days to:
1. Re-use the facility or transfer it to another owner who will re-use it; or
2. Dismantle the facility. If the facility is not removed within ninety (90) days of
abandonment, the city and/or county may remove the facility at the facility and/or property
owner's expense. If the facility is removed, city and/or county approval of the facility will
expire. If the facility owner is unable to remove the facility within the ninety (90) days due to
unusual circumstances, the City-County Planning Board may grant the facility owner an
additional ninety (90) days in which to comply with the requirements of this section.
J. Special Review Submittal requirements.
The applicant of new broadcast facilities shall provide the following documentation for
review by the City-County Planning Board:
1. A map to scale showing the service area of the proposed broadcast facility.
2. A site/landscaping plan showing the following items:
a. Northa~ow.
b. The location and dimensions of all vehicular points of ingress and egress,
drives, alleys and streets.
c. Property boundaries and lot line dimensions.
d. The locations and dimensions of all existing and proposed buildings,
structures, and improvements including those that will be removed. All information must
be labeled.
e. Setbacks from all property boundaries for existing and proposed structures and
buildings.
f. Centerline and names of major and minor arterial streets relevant to the
application.
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g. Elevation drawing of proposed broadcast facility including the antenna support
structure, antenna platforms and associated equipment enclosures.
h. Latitude, longitude and height of proposed antenna support structures.
i. Location of artificial light sources and the areas of illumination.
j. Applications for tower farms shall include items a through h and a general
overall development plan showing the location of future structures and equipment
enclosures.
k. Detailed landscaping plan of the site when applicable.
1. Other pertinent features as determined by the City.
3. Area map showing adjoining property boundaries and the location of existing
buildings within a distance equal to the required setbacks as set forth in section F (3).
4. Documentation of minimum light requirements from the FAA or other local state or
federal agency for the antenna support structure and/or antennae. Where applicable, applicant
will provide documentation of the FAA airspace review and a copy of the comments provided by
the FAA. Where an application has been filed with the FAA for the services proposed and
decision on minimum light requirements by the FAA is still pending, submittal of a copy of the
proposed application shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of the is paragraph.
5. When the applicant is a land mobile radio service provider, or a radio or television
broadcaster, proof must be provided that the applicant is licensed by the FCC to provide the
services that the proposed facility is designed to support or the applicant must prove the
necessary application have been filed with the FCC and/or FAA for the services proposed,
together with proof all filing fees have been paid.
K. Special review uses.
1. A request for a special review shall be initiated by application to the City-County
Planning Board and handled in accordance with the special review procedure provided in Section
17.68 of these zoning regulations. The City of Laurel may issue special review approval under
these sections provided they have determined that the requirements of these regulations have
been satisfied.
2. In granting special review approval, the City Council may impose additional
conditions to the extent determined necessary to buffer or otherwise minimize adverse effects of
the proposed broadcast facilities on surrounding properties.
3. Expiration of special review approval.
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a. If located within the one-mile zoning jurisdictional area of Laurel, construction
of the facility must be completed within one year of special review approval. Within the
City limits, a building permk must be applied for within six (6) months of a special
review approval and the project shall be completed within one (1) year from the date the
special review is granted by the City Council. For the purpose of these regulations, the
term standard of construction shall be defined as the installation of a permanent
foundation for the antenna support structure. The City Council may grant one (1) six (6)
month extensions of the period to start construction upon written request by the applicant.
b. The City Council shall not approve an extension unless the development plan
is brought into conformance with any relevant zoning regulations that have been
amended subsequent to the original approval and unless the applicant provides adequate
evidence that construction is able to begin within the time period sought. This evidence
shall include, but not be limited to, the acquisition of any or all required government
approvals and project financing, the City Council may as a condition of approval of a
special review establish the period of time such special review may remain in effect.
c. Small increases in the height of existing antenna support structures approved
by special review may be approved by the City-County Planning Board on an
administrative basis provided that the increase in the height of the antenna support
structure is ten (10) percent or less.
d. Special review approvals for broadcast antenna or tower farms shall not expire
until such time as all facilities within the boundaries of the antenna or tower farm have
been abandoned.
L. Appeals.
Appeals from any decision of the City-County Planning Department, not requiting City
Council approval, may be taken by any person aggrieved by the decision to Board of Adjustment
or to the City Council pursuant to Section 17.64 of these regulations.
· M. Nuisances.
Wireless communication facilities, including without limitation, power source,
ventilation, and cooling, shall not be maintained or operated in such a manner as to be a
nuisance.
ADD TO TABLES 17.16.010 AND 17.20.010 IN APPROPRIATE ALPHABETICAL ORDER
Cell Towers see Sections 17.21.020, 17.21.030, and 17.21.040 of this Ordinance)
Communication Towers (see Sections 17.21.020, 17.21.030, and 17.21.040 of this Ordinance)
Towers (see Sections 17.21.020, 17.21.030, and 17.21.040 of this Ordinance)
24
This Ordinance shall become effective thirty (30) days after final passage by the City
Council and approved by the Mayor.
Introduced and passed on first reading at a regular meeting of the City Council on
November 6 · 2001, by Alderman Johnson
PASSED and ADOPTED by the Laurel City Council on second reading this 20thday of
November , 2001, upon motion of Alderman Johnson
APPROVED BY THE MAYOR this 20th dayof November ., 2001.
Ch~ar[e~-G~ Rodgc/r-s, Mayf
ATTEST:
Mary K. ~,~{nbleton, Clerk-TreasUrer
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
-"'f~~son, City ¢(ttorney
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